多点爆破震动速度衰减规律研究  

Study on Velocity Attenuation Law for Multi-point Blasting Vibration

作　　者：刘建坡[1] 许宏亮[2] 王少泉[2] 程崇强 荆洪迪 

机构地区：[1]深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]中冶北方工程技术有限公司,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《金属矿山》2015年第10期24-28,共5页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51204030);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2013BAB02B01;2013BAB02B03);中国中冶"三五"重大科技专项(编号:0012012009)

摘　　要：爆破震动是引起地下矿山巷道破坏的重要原因,掌握爆破震动速度衰减规律,降低爆破震动危害,对矿山的安全高效生产有着重要意义。针对铁蛋山矿区爆破震动造成下盘沿脉运输巷道破坏严重的现状,开展了爆破震动监测工作。对于完整爆破信号数据,采用最小比例距离方法确定了多点爆破爆心距、炸药量和最大振速值的对应关系,为萨道夫斯基公式应用提供参数,并采用实例验证了该方法的可靠性。在此基础上,建立了铁蛋山矿区爆破震动速度衰减模型,获得了距离下盘沿脉运输巷道不同位置开采时所允许的最大单段药量。对矿山回采过程中的爆破参数进行了改进,不同区域采用不同最大单段药量,保证了沿脉运输巷道的稳定性和产能需求。Blasting vibration is a key factor to induce the destruction of tunnel in underground mine. Therefore,it is important to obtain velocity attenuation law for blasting signals,and to reduce the damage from blasting vibration,which is meaningful to the safe and efficient production. In view of the footwall strike-drift seriously destructed by blasting vibration in Tiedanshan mine,the monitoring work for blasting vibration was carried out. For integrated blasting signals,the minimum scale distance was used to obtain the relationship between distances from center of explosion,explosive quantity and maximum vibration velocity. This method provided calculating parameter for Sadov＇s formula,whose reliability was verified. On this basis,the velocity attenuation model velocity attenuation model of blasting signals in Tiedanshan mine was established,and the largest amount of explosives per delay interval of different distance to footwall strike-drift were obtained. Then,the blasting parameters in Tiedanshan mine were improved. The measures that use the different largest amount of explosives per delay interval in different areas can meet the requirements of stability of footwall strike-drift and production capacity.

关 键 词：爆破震动 振速衰减 多点爆破 萨道夫斯基公式 安全控制 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]