中空激光内送粉熔覆成形悬垂薄壁件  

Laser Cladding Forming of Cantilevered Thin-Walled Part Based on Hollow-Laser Beam Inside Powder Feeding Technology

作　　者：石拓[1] 王伊卿[1] 卢秉恒[1] 石世宏[2] 陆斌[2] 傅戈雁[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049 [2]苏州大学机电工程学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《中国激光》2015年第10期72-80,共9页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61475107);陕西省工业攻关计划(2014K06-03)

摘　　要：基于激光光内同轴送粉技术和6轴机器人技术,采用熔覆头空间变姿态的成形方法,通过沿着生长的切线方向连续变角度送粉堆积的方法成形了悬垂薄壁件。建立了倾斜基面熔池受力与位移模型,并通过优化工艺参数抑制熔池的位移和流淌。实验结果表明,倾斜角可从0°逐渐变化至81°,实现了大倾角悬垂结构的无支撑成形。成形件表面平整光滑,完全消除了"台阶效应",表面粗糙度Ra=6.3μm。截面纹理图显示各熔层沿中轴线对称,无明显朝重力方向的偏移。成形件在不同倾角位置的显微组织无明显区别,皆达到晶粒细小,组织致密均匀。Combining hollow laser beam inside powder feeding technology and 6-axis robot, a cantilevered thinwalled metal part is deposited layer by layer by means of continuously varying the attitude of laser cladding nozzle along the tangential direction of the thin wall. The modeling of force and displacement of the molten pool on an inclined surface is carried out. The shifting and flow of the molten pool are restrained by optimizing the laser cladding parameters in this model. The experimental results indicate that the forming of the cantilevered part with a changing incline angle from 0° to 81° is achieved without support. And, the surface of this part is flat and smooth,and the＂step effect＂is completely eliminated. The cladding layers are nearly symmetry along the central axis of the part, and the shifts of the layers influenced by gravity are not apparent. The microstructures of the part at different incline angles have no significant differences, and all achieve small grain size and compact texture.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光熔覆成形 光内同轴送粉 变姿态成形 悬垂薄壁件 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]