南京市某职业人群慢性病流行特征及防治水平调查分析  

Survey on the epidemic characteristics and the prevention and treatment levels of chronic diseases in a certain occupational population in Nanjing

作　　者：杨帆[1] 许培培[1] 张琳[1] 刘颖[1] 向全永[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属南京江北人民医院职业病防治所,江苏南京210048 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防治所,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《中国临床研究》2015年第10期1265-1268,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Research

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划(2011BA111B01);江苏省卫生科技项目(H201224)

摘　　要：目的分析南京市某职业人群主要慢性病流行特征及防治水平,为制定职业人群慢性病防治措施提供参考。方法在南京化学工业园区内采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取某企业3个职业场所所有职工为调查对象,通过问卷调查、实验室检查和体格检查的方式收集相关信息。采用χ2检验推断性别间慢性病患病率、知晓率、治疗率的差异;采用χ2趋势检验推断慢性病患病率、知晓率、治疗率是否随年龄的增加呈不断增长的趋势。结果本次共调查该职业人群2 224例,年龄(41.07±8.95)岁,其中男性1 702例,女性522例。该职业人群慢性病总患病率为57.74%。超重、高血压病、高脂血症、肥胖、糖尿病的患病率分别为32.95%、30.98%、18.97%、8.77%、4.90%;男性分别为37.43%、36.43%、22.21%、10.34%、6.05%,女性分别为18.39%、13.21%、8.43%、3.64%、1.15%;男性主要慢性病患病率均高于女性(P均<0.01)。男性高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症的知晓率、治疗率与女性相比,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。随着年龄的增长,高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症的患病率呈不断增加的趋势,其知晓率、治疗率也呈不断增加的趋势。结论该职业人群慢性病患病率较高,主要慢性病为高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症、超重、肥胖;而其慢性病防治水平较低,应采取必要的措施加强对职业人群慢性病的防控。Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics and the prevention and treatment levels of chronic diseases in some occupational population in Nanjing in order to provide reference for making prevention and control measures of chronic diseases in occupational population. Mchods With random cluster sampling, all the employees in three workplaces of Nan- jing chemical industrial park were selected. Data were collected by questionnaire,laboratory examination and physical exam- ination. Chi-square test was used to check if statistical differences existed between male and female in the prevalence rates, awareness rates and treatment rates of chronic ＇ 2 ＆seases. The χ2 trends test was used to check if there were continuously in- creasing trends in the prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate of chronic diseases with the increase of age. Results There were 2 224 employees in the objects of this survey [ male 1 702, female 522, age （ 41.07 ± 8.95 ） years ]. The total prevalence of chronic disease in the occupational population was 57.74%. The prevalences of overweight, hypertension, hy- perlipidemia,obesity and diabetes were 32.95% ,30.98% , 18.97% ,8.77% and 4.90% , respectively. The prevalences of aforementioned chronic diseases in the men were all higher than those in the women （37.43% vs 18.39% ,36.43% vs 13.21% ,22.21% vs 8.43%, 10.34% vs 3.64% ,6.05% vs 1.15% ,all P 〈 0.01 ）. There were no statistical significances of genders in the awareness rates and treatment rates of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. The prevalences of hy- pertension,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia increased with the increase of age, so did the rates of awareness and treatment.Conclusion The prevalences of chronic diseases are higher in occupational population. The main chronic diseases in occu- pational population are hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, overweight and obesity, however, their prevention and treat- ment levels are lower. The necessary measures of prevention and treatment should be taken to streng

关 键 词：职业人群 慢性病 高血压病 糖尿病 高脂血症 超重 肥胖 流行病学 流行特征 防治水平 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]