六方氮化硼(h-BN)基复合陶瓷研究与应用的最新进展  

Research and Application Progress of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Based Composite Ceramics

作　　者：段小明[1] 杨治华[1] 王玉金[1] 陈磊[1] 田卓[1] 蔡德龙[1] 贾德昌[1] 周玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院特种陶瓷研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2015年第10期770-782,共13页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51372050;51225203;50772137;51321061;50902030)

摘　　要：六方氮化硼(h-BN)基复合陶瓷的力学性能、高温耐热性、抗热震性、耐烧蚀性能、介电透波性能、抗熔融金属侵蚀性能和可加工性等十分优异,而且还可以通过晶粒排列的织构化赋予明显各向异性,在航空航天、电子、冶金、机械、能源等领域具有重要应用前景,因此受到各国材料科技工作者和工业界的重视。现阶段,六方氮化硼基复合陶瓷材料在航天器高温透波用天线窗盖板、抗离子溅射的霍尔推进器通道等关键多功能防热构件和薄板连铸用陶瓷侧封板等复杂苛刻高温构件等方面已获得成功应用。从制备工艺、性能特点与损伤机制以及应用等3个方面系统总结和评述了六方氮化硼基复合陶瓷材料国内外的研究进展,展望了其今后的主要研究及发展方向。Hexagonal boron nitride （ h-BN ） based composite ceramics present excellent mechanical properties, high- temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, ablation resistance, dielectric and electromagnetic wave transparency performance, molten metal erosion resistance, machinability, etc. Furthermore, the flake-shaped grains of h-BN can be arranged parallel to form textured structure, which can be endowed with obviously anisotropic properties. So h-BN based composite ceramics have found many important applications in the field of aerospace, electronics, metallurgy, machinery, energy, etc. , thus much attention is paid by both industry and academia on materials science and technology. At present, h-BN based composite ceramics have been successfully applied as multi-functional heat resistance components and high- temperature structure components used in harsh environments, such as high-temperature antenna window cover plate of spacecraft, ion channel components of Hall thruster, side sealing plates for thin roll strip continuous caster. In this paper, recent progress of preparation process, performance characteristics and damage mechanisms, application of h-BN based composite ceramics are systematically summarized and reviewed. At the end, their relevant research and development direction in the future are prospected.

关 键 词：六方氮化硼 复合陶瓷 制备 性能 损伤机制 应用 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]