蜗壳截面形状对液力透平性能的影响  

Effect of cross-section shape of volute on performance of hydraulic turbine

作　　者：苗森春 杨军虎[1] 史广泰[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《兰州理工大学学报》2015年第5期50-53,共4页Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51169010);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAA08B05);甘肃省教育厅导师基金(0278)

摘　　要：在液力透平中,蜗壳的水力损失大小对透平的性能起着至关重要的影响.针对国内外液力透平的研究现状以及其效率较低等问题,对一单级单吸液力透平的蜗壳截面形状进行研究,借助ANSYS软件得出液力透平在不同蜗壳截面形状下的压力场、速度场、性能曲线和水力损失.研究发现:在选择的矩形截面、梯形截面和圆形截面中,透平蜗壳截面是梯形截面时的效率最高,适合本文研究的模型;在同一流量下,流体在圆形截面蜗壳内的水力损失最小,但是在叶轮中损失最大,因此蜗壳截面是圆形的透平效率不是很高.Hydraulic loss in volute of hydraulic turbine has a crucial influence on performance of hydraulic turbine.In this paper,aimed at the current situation of research of hydraulic turbine at home and abroad and the problems such as lower efficiency,the volute cross-sectional shape of a single-stage single-suction hydraulic turbine was investigated.The pressure field,velocity field,performance curve,and hydraulic loss of the hydraulic turbine were obtained by using the software ANSYS.The investigation result showed that among the selected trapezoidal,rectangular,and round cross-sections,the hydraulic turbine with trapezoidal volute cross-section would have the highest efficiency,agreeing with the model investigated in this paper.When the flow rate was identical,the hydraulic loss in round cross-sectional volute would be minimal,but in the impeller the loss would be maximal.So that the efficiency of hydraulic turbine with round cross-sectional volute would be not very high.

关 键 词：液力透平 蜗壳 性能曲线 数值计算 

分 类 号：TH322[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]