电动汽车充放电行为对电网负荷特性的影响  

Impact of charging-discharging behavior of electric vehicles on power grid load characteristics

作　　者：包广清[1] 袁怡[1] 杨军[2] 马寅[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]西南交通大学电气工程学院,四川成都610031 [3]国网甘肃省电力公司调度控制中心,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《兰州理工大学学报》2015年第5期84-90,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51267011);甘肃省杰出青年基金(1111RJDA007);甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1011JKCA173)

摘　　要：通过行驶里程、充放电时间及充放电方式等分析进行电动汽车的行为特性数学建模.采用基于拉丁超立方采样(Latin hypercube sampling,LHS)的蒙特卡洛模拟(Monte Carlo simulation,MCS)得到电动汽车充电功率的日负荷分布曲线,将其期望值和方差与简单蒙特卡洛计算结果相比较,表明该方法比传统MCS具有良好的收敛速度和收敛精度.通过广州市电网负荷曲线算例,评估电动汽车充放电过程对电网负荷特性的影响,并揭示私家车双向有序充电与公交车集中充电相结合,可以在平抑负荷波动增大日负荷率的同时,有效降低日峰谷差率,从而既能保证用电单位经济合理用电,又有助于整个电网的安全经济运行.Firstly,mathematical modelling of electric vehicles’ behavior characteristics was performed by means of analyzing their mileage,charging-discharging time,and charging-discharging modes.Then,Monte Carlo simulation（MCS）method combined with Latin hypercube sampling（LHS）technique was applied to obtain their daily charging load distribution curves,and compare their expectation value and square deviation to the calculation result of simple Monte Carlo simulation.The results showed that compared to traditional MCS method,this method has good convergence speed and convergence precision.Finally,taking Guangzhou power grid load curve as an actual example,the impact of charging-discharging process on the load characteristics of the power grid was evaluated and it was revealed that an integral mode of bidirectional orderly charging of private vehicles with centralized charging of public vehicles can constrain the load fluctuation and increase the daily load rate on the one hand and on the other hand,decrease effectively the daily slip peak rate,so that not only the economic and reasonable power utilization will be guaranteed but the secure and economic operation of entire power grid will also be provided.

关 键 词：电动汽车 充放电行为 日负荷特性 V2G 蒙特卡洛模拟 拉丁超立方采样 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]