127例老年支气管哮喘患者临床特点及相关危险因素分析  

Analysis on Clinical Features and Related Risk Factors of 127 Elderly Patients with Bronchial Asthma

作　　者：李挺[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市第二人民医院中西医结合分院内科,广东深圳518034

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2015年第10期1399-1400,共2页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨支气管哮喘临床特点以及其发作危险因素,为预防和控制哮喘发作,减少其发病率提供借鉴。方法收集127例老年支气管哮喘患者(观察组)和同期就诊的112例非支气管哮喘呼吸道疾病患者(对照组)为研究对象,对患者的临床特点以及发作危险因素进行对比分析。结果支气管哮喘患者多在夜间发病,常反复发作,以轻、中度为主。单因素分析发现支气管哮喘发作与过敏史、家族史、吸烟、感染、气候变化、接触有害气体等因素有关(P<0.05),多因素分析发现家族史(P=0.037,OR=1.795)、吸烟(P=0.007,OR=5.027)、感染(P=0.021,OR=2.719)、接触有害气体(P=0.012,OR=5.016)是支气管哮喘的独立危险因素。结论尽量减少或者避免引起哮喘发作的危险因素,对减少哮喘急性哮喘发作、改善患者的预后具有重要意义。Objective To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of bronchial asthma, so as to provide a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the asthmatic attack, and reducing the incidence of asthma. Methods 127 elderly patients with bronchial asthma were set as observation group, 112 elderly patients with respiratory diseases and without bronchial asthma in same period were set as control group. The clinical features and risk factors of patients in two groups were analyzed and compared. Results Bronchial asthma were mainly mild and moderate level, and easily occurred at night, with recurrent attacks. Single factor analysis showed that the incidence of bronchial asthma was correlated with allergic history, family history of asthma, smoking, change of weather contact of harmful gas （P 〈0.05）. Multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors included family history of asthma （P = 0.037, OR = 1.795）, smoking （P =0.007, OR=5.027）, infection （P=0.021, OR=2.719） and contract of harmful gas （P=0.012, OR=5.016）. Conclusions The prognosis of patients can be improved and the incidence of asthma can be reduced by preventing patients from the risk factors of asthma attack.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 临床特征 危险因素 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]