盐酸羟胺和N-甲基羟胺盐酸盐的自催化分解特性  被引量:2

Autocatalytic Decomposition of Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride and N-methyl Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride

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作  者:闫姣姣 陈利平[1] 陈网桦[1] 呂家育 李焓[1] 陈莹莹[1] 

机构地区:[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出  处:《含能材料》2015年第11期1140-1146,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基  金:国家自然科学基金资助(51204099);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

摘  要:采用等温差示扫描量热(DSC)和中断回扫法(动态DSC)以及绝热加速量热法(ARC),鉴别盐酸羟胺(HH)和N-甲基羟胺盐酸盐(NMHH)的热分解是否具有自催化分解特性,分析二者的热分解危险性。动态DSC及等温DSC结果均表明:HH和NMHH的热分解均具有自催化分解特性;10℃·min-1温升速率下,HH和NMHH的放热量分别为2284.85 J·g-1和2188.41 J·g-1,放热量较大。ARC结果显示:HH和NMHH起始分解温度分别为110.6℃和90.7℃,热分解均在30 min内分解完全,最大温升速率分别达到193.4℃·min-1和218.9℃·min-1,热分解剧烈。对确认有自催化分解特性的HH、NMHH、三硝基甲苯(TNT)、奥克托今(HMX)、黑索今(RDX)和过氧化苯甲酰(BPO),以及确认不具有自催化分解特性的过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯(TBPB)、硝酸异辛酯(EHN)和过氧化二叔丁基(DTBP)的ARC数据对比分析,发现非自催化分解反应从检测到放热至最大温升速率的时间(t0-max)均远长于自催化分解反应对应时间,且热修正系数变化对该规律不产生影响,由此判断可以采用绝热量热数据t0-max鉴别物质热分解是否具有自催化分解特性。To identify whether hydroxylamine hydrochloride( HH ) and N-methyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride( NMHH ) are of au- tocatalysis characteristic, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) were used to test their thermal decomposition behaviors. Both dynamic and isothermal DSC results indicate an autocatalysis characteristic during their de- compositions. And the heat of decomposition under 10 ℃ · min-1 were 2284.85 J. g-1, 2188.41 J. g-1 for HH and NMHH, re- spectively. ARC data show that the total decomposition time for HH and NMHH are both less than 30 rain, and the maximum temperature rise rate are 193.4 ℃ · min-1, 218.9 ℃ · min-1, and the thermal decomposition very violent. Comparisons of ARC data of autocatalysis materials( HH, NMHH, trinitrotoluene (TNT) and so on) with that of non-autocatalysis materials( tert-butyl peroxy benzoate(TBPB), isooctyl nitrate( EH N) and di-tert-butyl peroxide(DTBP) )show that the time difference from initial heat release to maximum temperature rise rate ( to ) for non-autocatalytic decomposition is much longer than that for autocatalytic de- composition, and the thermal inertia factor makes little influence on the law. So, the adiabatic test data to can be used to identi- fy autocatalytic decomposition.

关 键 词:盐酸羟胺(HH) N-甲基羟胺盐酸盐(NMHH) 热分解 自催化 差示扫描量热(DSC) 绝热加速量热(ARC) 

分 类 号:TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]

 

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