依法治国方略下的环境法治困境与出路  

Environmental Law Problems and Solutions under the Rule of Law

作　　者：白洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学法学院讲师,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2015年第10期117-124,147,共9页

基　　金：国家社科基金青年资助项目(项目编号:12CFX091);山东省高校人文社科研究项目(项目编号:J12WB11);山东理工大学人文社科发展计划(项目编号:4083/112007);山东理工大学青年教师发展支持计划(项目编号:4072/112030)

摘　　要：在十八届四中全会全面推进"依法治国"的宏观背景下,我国环境法治迎来了新的机遇和挑战。但就目前环境法治的实施现状来看,还存在立法不足、执法混乱、司法匮乏以及被动守法等积弊。欲突破环境法治困境,须完善以下环节:立法层面,应当在严格遵循自然法则的立法理念指引下,合理配置环境权利和义务,通过"立"、"改"、"废"以及司法解释等具体手段加以完善;执法层面,应改明确执法层级的职责、优化环境管理制度、化解地方干预执法、完善强制执行措施和环境执法能力建设;司法层面,应从健全环境审判组织和队伍、补充环境审判规范性文件、加强司法审判的配套等层面予以完善;守法层面,不仅要构建完善的公众环境权益保障体系,促使公众积极监督立法、执法和司法,还应建立完善的环境保护社会责任体系,强化公众的环境保护义务。只有通过科学民主的环境立法、公平严格的环境执法、独立公正的环境执法以及积极主动的环境守法,才能化解环境危机,实现建设生态文明社会的目标诉求。Under comprehensively promote the ＂role of law＂ macro background of The eighteenth Fourth Plenary Session,environmental law in China ushered new opportunities and challenges. From the current status of implementation of environmental law at point of view, the existence of inadequate legislation, enforcement confusion, lack of justice and passive compliance and other defects. To break through the plight of environmenta I law, the following points must be perfect：The legislative level, it should be in strictly compliance with natural law, the rational allocation of environmental rights and obligations, by ＂up＂, ＂change＂, ＂waste＂ as well as the judicial interpretation ete ,to improve it; The law enforcement level, law enforcement should be clear hierarchy of responsibility, improve the environment management system, improve enforcement measure, and strengthen capacity of enforcement;Judicial level, we should improve the environmental trial organization and team, supplementary environmental trial laws;Compliance level, not only to build a sound public environmental rights protection system, prompting the public to actively monitor the legislative, executive and judicial, should establish a sound system of environmental social responsibility, and strengthening the public＇ s environmental obligations. Only through scientific and democratic environmental legislation, stricter environmental law enforcement fair, independent and impartial enforcement of environmental laws and proactive environmental compliance, we could resolve the environmental crisis and achieve the goal of building an ecological civilization demands.

关 键 词：法治 环境法治 困境 出路 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]