蒸汽闪爆与碱处理结合法制备棉秆皮纤维  

Preparation of cotton stalk fibers by combining steam flash-explosion and alkaline treatment

作　　者：孙芳芳[1] 侯秀良[1] 张莉[1] 石振[1] 颜丹丹[1] 殷兰君 苏娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,无锡214122

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2015年第10期76-78,共3页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(农业部分)(BE2011404);江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2012064);宿迁市科技计划项目(农业科技支撑)(L201213);江南大学"星巴克"大学生环保践行者项目

摘　　要：在当前绿色环保的大环境下,为了更环保、有效地利用废弃农作物秸秆资源,采用蒸汽闪爆和低浓度的碱处理相结合的方法制备棉秆皮纤维,并与仅采用碱处理制备的棉秆皮纤维进行比较。采用纤维成分分析,FT-IR、XRD、SEM及拉伸性能测试等方法研究了2种制备方法对棉杆皮纤维的成分、结晶结构、表面形态,断裂强度的影响。结果表明:蒸汽闪爆和碱处理结合制备的棉秆皮纤维的性能较好,棉秆皮纤维的纤维素含量增加,其长度为53.4mm,细度值为29dtex,断裂强度为2.56cN/dtex。To use crop straw resources effectively and conform to the theme of environmental protection,a novel process named combination of steam flash-explosion and alkali treatment method was adopted to produce the cotton stalk fibers.The method was also compared with alkali treatment.The effect of different treated methods on composition,crystalline structure,morphology,tensile strength and of cotton stalk fibers were investigated through measuring cellulose content,Fourier vtransform infrared（FT-IR）spectroscopy,wide-angle X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and mechanical property.The results indicated that combination of steam flash-explosion and alkali treatment was better,the cellulose content of cotton stalk fibers increased,the length,fineness and tensile strength were 53.4mm,29 dtex and 2.56cN/dtex,respectively.

关 键 词：蒸汽闪爆 碱处理 棉秆皮纤维 纤维素含量 

分 类 号：TS102[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]