中国非常规油气勘探开发与理论技术进展  

Progress in China's Unconventional Oil & Gas Exploration and Development and Theoretical Technologies

作　　者：邹才能[1] 杨智[1] 朱如凯[1] 张国生[1] 侯连华[1] 吴松涛[1] 陶士振[1] 袁选俊[1] 董大忠[1] 王玉满[1] 王岚 黄金亮[1] 王淑芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质学报》2015年第6期979-1007,共29页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家973重点基础研发项目(编号2014CB239000);国家科技重大专项(编号2011ZX05001)联合资助的成果

摘　　要：新世纪非常规油气获战略突破,微纳米孔喉页岩系统油气成为油气资源接替的重要新领域,非常规油气资源在能源格局中的地位愈发重要。致密气、煤层气、重油、沥青砂等已成为勘探开发的重点领域,致密油成为亮点领域,页岩气成为热点领域。中国在致密气、页岩气、致密油、煤层气等非常规油气资源勘探开发获重要突破,油页岩、天然气水合物、重油、油砂矿等获重要进展,初步评价中国非常规石油资源量(223~263)×10~8t,天然气资源量(890~1260)×10^(12)m^3。中国非常规油气研究取得重大进展,细粒沉积学在陆相敞流湖盆大型浅水三角洲砂体、湖盆中心砂质碎屑流沉积、海陆相细粒沉积等研究新进展,提供了盆地中心储集体形成和分布的理论依据;非常规储层地质学在研究方法技术、多尺度数据融合、地层条件物理模拟等方面取得重大进展,多方法多尺度整体表征非常规储层已成为研究热点,推动了非常规油气地质学地质理论和方法技术快速发展;创新发展了连续型油气聚集理论,构建了非常规油气地质学理论体系框架,明确了非常规油气地质研究的内涵、地质特征、形成机理、分布规律和核心技术,为大面积非常规油气规模勘探开发奠定了理论基础;非常规油气勘探开发技术方法快速发展,涌现了烃源性、岩性、物性、脆性、含油气性与应力各向异性评价等"六特性"、"甜点区"地质一工程综合评价等核心评价方法,微地震监测、水平井钻完井、"工厂化"生产、"人工油气藏"等开发工程核心理念和技术,推动非常规油气"革命性发展"。非常规油气的突破,带来了坚持理论创新、坚持核心技术进步等4点重要启示,对延长石油工业生命周期、推动理论技术升级换代、改变能源格局具有深远意义。The new century has witnessed a strategic breakthrough in unconventional oil ＆ gas.Hydrocarbon accumulated in micro-/nano-scale pore throat shale systems has become an important domain that could replace current oil resources.Unconventional oil ＆ gas plays an increasingly important role in our energy mix.Tight gas,CBM,heavy oil and asphaltic sand have served as a key domain of exploration ＆ development,with tight oil becoming a＇bright spot＇domain and shale gas becoming a＇hotspot＇domain. China has made great breakthroughs in unconventional oil ＆ gas resources,such as tight gas,shale gas, tight oil and CBM,and great progress in oil shale,gas hydrate,heavy oil and oil sand.China has an estimated （223-263）x108 t of unconventional oil resources and （890-1260）x1012 m3 of gas resources. China has made a breakthrough for progress in unconventional oil ＆ gas study.New progress achieved in fine-grained sedimentary studies related to continental open lacustrine basin large-scale shallow-water delta sand bodies,lacustrine basin central sandy clastic flow sediments and marine-continental fine-grained sediments provide a theoretical basis for the formation and distribution of basin central reservoir bodies. Great breakthroughs have been made in unconventional reservoir geology in respect of research methodology ＆ technology,multi-scale data merging and physical simulation of formation conditions. Overall characterization of unconventional reservoirs via multi-method and multi-scale becomes increasingly popular and facilitates the rapid development of unconventional oil ＆ gas geological theory,method and technology.The formation of innovative,continuous hydrocarbon accumulation theory,the establishment of the framework of the unconventional oil ＆ gas geological theory system,and the determination of the implications, geological feature, formation mechanism, distribution rule and core technology of unconventional oil ＆gas geological study lays a theoretical foundation for extensive unconvention

关 键 词：非常规油气 非常规油气地质学 细粒沉积学 非常规储层地质学 “人工油气藏”开发 微纳米级孔喉 致密气 致密油 页岩气 页岩油 

分 类 号：TE3[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]