加氢裂化装置高压换热器故障情况及原因分析  

Troubles of HP Heat Exchangers in Hydrocracking Unit and Cause Analysis

作　　者：王静[1] 李淑娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司北京燕山分公司,北京102500

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2015年第5期52-55,共4页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：加氢裂化装置3台高压换热器自2009年以来,陆续出现腐蚀泄漏问题。结合现场换热器结盐情况、管束腐蚀形貌以及装置原料腐蚀介质情况和高压换热器的实际操作情况,分析认为管束腐蚀原因为生产过程中出现氯化铵盐结晶,氯化铵盐水解形成强酸对不锈钢产生局部腐蚀。根据分析原因,目前采取调整运行操作温度,改变铵盐结晶点位置,同时采取科学合理的注水工艺防腐蚀措施以减缓高压换热器的腐蚀风险。装置自2014年5月检修开工后,按此控制调整,高压换热器目前运行正常。The corrosion leakings occurred in 3 HP heat exchangers of HP hydrocracking unit after they were put into operation in 2009. The causes of leaking were analyzed based upon the salt deposition in heat exchangers, corrosion morphology of tubes, corrosive media in unit feedstock and operating conditions of HP heat exchangers. It is concluded from the analysis that the main cause of tube corrosion is the formation of crystal ammonium chloride salts in operation which is hydrolyzed to form strong acid corroding the stainless steel. The following measure were taken based upon the analysis, such as adjustment of operating temperature of the heat exchangers to change the location of crystallization of ammonium chloride and optimization of water injection process to mitigate the corrosion of HP heat exchangers. The HP heat exchangers have been running smoothly ever since start -up in May, 2014 after maintenance.

关 键 词：腐蚀 氯化铵盐 水解 结晶 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]