低剂量螺旋CT在慢性铍病诊断中的应用价值  

Application of low- dose spiral CT scanning on diagnosis of chronic beryllium disease

作　　者：崔家甿 张耀龙 李俊君[3] 买志峰 徐芳芳[1] 任继魁 

机构地区：[1]宁夏石嘴山市第二人民医院放射科,宁夏石嘴山753000 [2]宁夏第五人民医院放射科,宁夏石嘴山753000 [3]宁夏石嘴山市第二人民医院病理科,宁夏石嘴山753000 [4]宁夏石嘴山市第二人民医院烧伤科,宁夏石嘴山753000

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2015年第10期877-879,I0003,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

基　　金：宁夏卫生和计划生育委员会科研资助项目(1012117)

摘　　要：目的探讨低剂量胸部CT扫描对慢性铍病患者的辐射剂量、图像质量及影像征象的影响。方法选取21例慢性铍病患者,行多排CT低剂量（电压90 k V、管电流30~50 m A）检查,对照组为常规剂量（电压120 k V、管电流250 m A）扫描的健康体检者,记录每个受检者CT扫描的辐射剂量,由放射科3名高年资医师共同评判、阅读重建图像,记录图像质量及影像表现。结果慢性铍病患者低剂量CT扫描所受的辐射剂量为（0.61±0.08）m SV明显低于常规剂量CT扫描（7.51±0.86）m SV,不同剂量扫描扫CT值SD差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,随着管电流、电压降低噪声增加。21例患者中全部有不同程度的小叶间隔增厚,7例肺野呈磨玻璃样改变（33.33%）,肺气肿17例（80.95%）,全小叶性肺气肿4例,小叶中心性肺气肿4例,小叶间隔旁型肺气肿13例;17例中伴有肺大泡者5例（23.80%）,界面征17例（80.95%）,支气管扩张9例（42.86%）,蜂窝7例（33.33%）。肺低剂量胸部CT重建图像较常规剂量扫描图像噪声大但不影响诊断。结论低剂量螺旋CT扫描可用于慢性铍病的筛查与诊断。Objective To study the influence of low- dose chest CT scanning on the radiation dose,image quality and imaging sign of chronic beryllium disease patients. Methods 21 patients with chronic beryllium disease were selected,and implemented low- dose（ voltage 90 k V,tube current 30 ~ 50 m A） CT scanning examination,and healthy examined by conventional dose CT scanning as control group,then recorded radiation dose of CT scanning of each patient,finally jointly reviewed and evaluated the reconstructed image,recorded the image quality and imaging finding. Results The radiation dose of low- dose CT scanning for patients with chronic beryllium disease was 0. 61 m SV,and which significantly lower than the conventional dose CT scanning of 7. 51 m SV. SD discrepancy from CT value of different dose scanning had statistical significance,and noise was increased along with reduction of tube current and voltage. Among 21 cases,all had varying degree of interlobular septal thickening. It showed ground- glass attenuation in Lung field of 7 cases（ 33. 33%）. There were 17 cases with pulmonary emphysema（ 80. 95%）,4 case with panlobular emphysema,4 cases with centrilobular emphysema,and 13 cases with small gap type emphysema. Among 17 cases,there were still 5 cases with pneumatocele（ 23. 80%）. 17 cases were Interface sign（ 80. 95%）. 9 cases had bronchiectasis（ 42. 86%）. 7 cases had honeycomb（ 33. 33%）. Compared conventional dose CT scanning image,reconstructed images by lung low- dose chest CT scanning had high noise,but no influence on diagnosis. Conclusion Low- dose spiral CT scanning can be applied to the screening and diagnosing of chronic beryllium disease.

关 键 词：低剂量 螺旋CT 慢性铍病 

分 类 号：R144.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]