锂离子电池组件燃烧性及危险性评价  

Evaluation of combustibility of lithium ion battery components and dangers they involve

作　　者：高飞[1] 杨凯[1] 李大贺[1] 刘皓[1] 苏涛[1] 王丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院电工与新材料研究所,北京100192

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2015年第8期62-67,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”)项目(2014AA052201)

摘　　要：为评估锂离子电池火灾危险,以常见的磷酸铁锂电池、锰酸锂电池和三元电池为研究对象,采用锥形量热仪技术分析这3种锂离子电池关键组件(含电解液的隔膜、正极片、负极片)的燃烧性和生烟性。通过层次分析法(AHP),构建锂离子电池火灾风险评价指标体系。基于试验数据,计算这3种锂离子电池火灾危险指数。结果表明,影响电池燃烧行为的主要因素是石墨负极和隔膜,烟气的主要来源是隔膜的不完全燃烧。用AHP法计算出的锂离子电池火灾危险指数表明,锂离子电池火灾的主要危险源是隔膜,其次是负极、正极。In order to assess fire risks of LIB,three common LIBs（ Li Fe PO4/ C,Li Mn2O4/ C and Li（ Mn1 /3Ni1 /3Co1 /3） O2/ C） were investigated. The combustibility and smoke generation properties of key components（ membrane,positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate containing electrolyte） of these three LIBs were examined by using the cone calorimeter technology. A fire risk evaluation index system was developed by AHP. Fire-safety indices of LIB components were calculated based on experimental data. The research results show that major influence factors on batteries＇ combustion behavior are graphite negative plate and membrane,the major source of smoke is the imperfect combustion of membrane,and the membrane containing electrolyte is the major risk source among LIB components,followed by negative electrode and positive electrode.

关 键 词：锂离子电池(LIB) 锥形量热仪 危险性评价 层次分析法(AHP) 火灾危险指数 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]