高速列车车体用高强铝合金激光焊接接头研究  

Study on Laser Welded Joints of High Strength Aluminum Alloy for High-Speed Train Body

作　　者：杨吉伟[1] 杨尚磊[1] 杨文涛[1] 赵永春[1] 刘锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《上海工程技术大学学报》2015年第3期229-232,共4页Journal of Shanghai University of Engineering Science

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金资助项目(14ZR1418300);上海工程技术大学大学生创新资助项目(A1-5300-14-050110)

摘　　要：对高速列车车体用新型A6N01铝合金进行激光焊接.利用光学显微镜（OM）与显微硬度计对激光焊接接头的显微组织与显微硬度进行观察和测试.结果表明：A6N01铝合金激光焊接接头的熔宽b和熔深h都会随焊接功率P的增大而增大,选择合适的焊接功率能得到成形较好的焊缝.A6N01母材为原始轧制状态组织.A6N01铝合金焊接接头焊缝中心区域为呈等轴晶状的铸态组织,焊缝边缘的熔合区形成了柱状晶组织;焊缝区的显微硬度低于母材和HAZ,焊缝中心显微硬度（HV）最低,约为112,距离焊缝中心0.8 mm区域,焊接接头的显微硬度随距离焊缝中心的增大而快速上升.距离焊缝中心0.8-1.2 mm热影响区的显微硬度比焊缝有显著提高.距离焊缝约1.4 mm时,显微硬度又有所下降,表明距离焊缝中心1.4 mm左右存在软区.The welded joints of A6N01 aluminum alloy was prepared for high-speed train body. Optical microscopy（ OM） and microhardness were used to observe and test the microstructure of laster welded joints. The results indicate that weld width b and weld depth h increased with the increase of welding power p,and well welded joints can be obtained using a suitable welding parameters. The base metal A6N01 aluminium alloys contained as-rolled microstructure. Welding of A6N01 aluminum alloy welded joint center is a cubic-shaped cast,and the edge of the weld fusion zone forms a columnar. Base materials are original rolling state organizations.Welded joints micro-hardness of A6N01 aluminum alloy weld zone is lower than base metal and HAZ,the hardness（ HV） of weld center is the lowest,about 112. From the center area 0. 8 mm,micro-hardness is rising rapidly with the distance increases from center. The weld hardness of heat-affected zone was improved significantly with 0. 8 - 1. 2 mm from the weld center,but decreased with 1. 4 mm from the weld center. It indicates a soft area in 1. 4 mm distance.

关 键 词：A6N01铝合金 激光焊接 焊缝成形 接头组织 

分 类 号：U270.32[机械工程—车辆工程]