濒危野生长柄扁桃叶片表型性状的多样性  

Diversity of leaves phenotype traits of endangered and wild species Amygdalus pcdunculata

作　　者：左丝雨 乌云塔娜[2,3] 朱绪春 杜笑林 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,河南郑州450003 [2]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2015年第11期61-67,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目"仁用杏和巴旦杏高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(2013BAD14B02)

摘　　要：长柄扁桃Amygdalus pcdunculata是适合沙区和荒山荒地栽培的濒危生态经济林树种,为了对目前国内长柄扁桃资源情况进行评估,对蒙陕交界7个长柄扁桃天然居群的叶片表型性状多样性进行了研究。采用统计分析的方法对462个野生长柄扁桃个体叶片表型性状的变异类型、变异规律、叶长变异程度及类型、叶宽变异程度及类型、叶长宽比变异程度及类型及叶柄长变异程度、类型进行研究。结果表明:野生长柄扁桃叶片长宽比变异较大,变异系数达0.36,其次是叶宽、叶柄长、叶长,变异系数分别为0.30、0.24、0.22;野生长柄扁桃按照叶长范围0.94~4.52 mm,可分为LⅠ~LⅨ共9个类型;叶宽分布范围在0.39~2.55 mm,可分为WⅠ~WⅧ共8个类型;叶长宽比范围在0.84~5.93之间,分为LWⅠ~LWⅥ共6个类型;叶柄长范围在0.29~1.53 mm之间,分为Ls^LsⅥ共6个类型;长柄扁桃叶片性状与叶长、叶宽、叶柄和长宽比呈极显著正相关;叶宽与叶柄长呈极显著正相关,而与长宽比呈极显著负相关。野生长柄扁桃叶片变异类型丰富,天然居群呈现明显的片段化分布,建议加强对野生长柄扁桃资源收集保护力度,防止珍贵野生资源濒临灭绝。Amygdalus pcdunculata is one of a rare ecological and economic tree that is suitable for sand soil. The germplasm distribution, the difference of leaves phenotype of seven natural populations at juncture of Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi province were analyzed. Based on the method of statistical analysis, the variation types and rule among leaf shape, leaf blade base, leaf margin and leaf opex at different wild population including 462 samples were investigated. The results show that the ratio of length to width had the maximum variation coefifcient （0.36）, followed by the leaf width （0.30）, leafstalk length （0.24） and leaf length （0.22）; According to he range of leaf length from 0.94 mm to 4.52 mm, andA.pcdunculata leaf length can be divided into 9 groups（LⅠ～LⅨ）; The range of leaf width was from 0.39 mm to 2.55 mm, and A.pcdunculata leaf width can be divided into 8 groups（WⅠ～WⅧ）; The range of the ratio of length to width was from 0.84 to 5.93 mm, and this type trees can be divided into 6 groups;. The range of leafstalk length was from 0.29 mm to 1.53 mm, and this type can be divided into 6 groups（LsⅠ～ LsⅥ）; The results of correlation analysis showed that leaf characteristics was the signiifcant （P〈0.01） positive correlation with leaf width, leafstalk length, leaf length and the ratio of length to width, and the signiifcant （P〈0.01） positive correlation between leaf width and leafstalk length, but the signiifcant （P〈0.01） negative correlation with the ratio of length to width. The variation types are abundant among wildA.pcdunculata populations, but the natural populations appeared fragmentation distrbution. It is suggested that strengthen the protection of wildA.pcdunculata resources to prevent precious endangered wildlife resources from becoming extinct.

关 键 词：经济林树种 长柄扁桃 濒危野生种 叶片表型性状 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学] Q-9[生物学]