葡萄试管苗多倍体鉴定中染色体计数方法的优化  

On the Optimization Technique of Chromosome Counting for Polyploid Identification of Grape Test-tube Plantlets

作　　者：毛娟[1] 陈涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《陇东学院学报》2015年第5期74-78,共5页Journal of Longdong University

基　　金：甘肃农业大学重点课程建设项目

摘　　要：以染色体诱变加倍的“红地球”葡萄试管苗为试验材料,研究了根尖预处理方法、解离的时间与浓度、取材时间、根系长度及试管苗培养方式对染色体计数的影响。筛选出了一套适合于葡萄试管苗多倍体鉴定的根尖染色体计数方法：以对二氯苯低温预处理24h,卡诺氏固定液（冰醋酸∶无水乙醇=1∶3）固定4~6h,0.5mol/l的HCL解离7.5min后在改良的卡宝品红浸泡24h后镜检,可以得到较多清晰的分裂中期像,利于染色体计数。取材时间和根系长度对试管苗根尖染色体观察无明显影响。The grape ＂Globe Red＂ in vitro which has been chromosome doubling is used as the material in this test. The chromosome counting which effect is by root tip pretreatment, the time and concentration of material dissociation, sampling time, the length of the grape root and the culture methods in vitro are studied. The useful method for polyploid identification of grape in vitro is obtained for gain more clarity mid-split image. The concrete method is as following, saturation p-dichlorobrnzene pretreatment 24 hours at low temperature, the root-tips are fixed by Carnoy solution （ acetic acid ： alcohol = 3 ： 1 ） for 4 - 6 h, hydrolysed by 0.5mol/L HCl for 7.5 min, stained with modified Carbol fuchsin solution 24h, microscopic examination. Sampling time and root length have no effect on chromosome counting.

关 键 词：葡萄 试管苗 多倍体 染色体计数 方法 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]