2011-2013年武汉市食品及公共场所从业人员体检结果分析  

Analysis of Physical Examination Results of Food and Public Jobholder in Wuhan City,2011-2013

作　　者：马奎[1] 费奉龙 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2015年第5期272-275,共4页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市食品及公共场所从业人员健康体检情况,并分析病毒性肝炎、肠道传染病、活动性肺结核在该市的患病情况,以便为此类疾病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法采受检者静脉血,用速率法检查血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT),酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测甲型肝炎病毒Ig M抗体(HAV-lg M)、戊型肝炎病毒Ig M抗体(HEVlg M),培养法检测沙门氏菌和痢疾杆菌,对该市食品及公共场所从业人员进行健康从业体检。结果 2011-2013年武汉市食品和公共场所从业人员体检共76 697人,其中检出ALT异常1 061人,异常率为1.38%,近三年来ALT异常率呈下降趋势,且男性ALT异常率高于女性,男性异常率为2.47%,女性异常率为0.61%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=11.50,P<0.05)。2011-2013年检出HAV-Ig M阳性33人,阳性率为0.04%;检出HEV-Ig M阳性42人,阳性率0.05%;检出活动性肺结核58人,阳性率0.08%.2011-2013年间HAV-Ig M检测的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.52,P>0.05)、HEV-Ig M检测的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.65,P>0.05)、活动性肺结核检测的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.18,P>0.05)。未检出伤寒、痢疾。结论武汉市食品和公共场所行业人员健康状况总体较好,但也发现了少部分从业人员为甲肝、戊肝、肺结核患者,由此可见,坚持对食品及公共场所从业人员定期体检是非常必要的。Objective To investigate the physical examination of public jobholders in Wuhan city,and to analyze the prevalence of viral hepatitis,intestinal infectious diseases,and active pulmonary tuberculosis in the region,in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention of such diseases. Methods Venous blood was collected and rate method was adopted to examine serum glutamic pyruvic transaminse,and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） was adopted to detect Ig M antibody to hepatitis A virus（ HAV-lg M）,lg M antibody to hepatitis E virus（ HEV-lg M）,and cultivating method was used for the detection of Salmonella and Shigella. Results From 2011 to 2013,a total number of 76 697 was participated physical examination,of which 1061 were ALT abnormal and the abnormal rate was 1. 38%. ALT abnormal rate was on the decline in the three years,and abnormal rate of male（ 2. 47%） was higher than that of female（ 0. 61%）,（ χ2=11. 50,P〈0. 05）. From 2011 to 2013,there were 33 cases were HAV-Ig M positive,the positive rate was0. 04%. There were 42 cases HEV-Ig M positive,the positive rate was 0. 05%. Active pulmonary tuberculosis were 58 cases,the positive rate was 0. 08%. There was no statistically difference of positive rate of HAV-Ig M（ χ^2= 0. 52,P〉0. 05）,HEV- Ig M（ χ^2= 0. 65,P〉0. 05） and active tuberculosis（ χ^2= 0. 1 8,P〉0. 0 5）. There was no positive typhoid fever anddysentery case. Conclusion The overall health status of jobholders in food and public industries in Wuhan is relatively well. Yet a few number of HAV,hepatitis E patients are found. Which indicate that the necessity of health examination in these populations.

关 键 词：从业人员 健康体检 传染病 阳性率 

分 类 号：R443[医药卫生—诊断学]