Expression patterns of AP1, FUL, FT and LEAFY orthologs in Vitaceae support the homology of tendrils and inflorescences throughout the grape family  

作　　者：Ning Zhang Jun Wen Elizabeth A. Zimmer 

机构地区：[1]Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA

出　　处：《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》2015年第5期469-476,共8页植物分类学报（英文版）

基　　金：This study is supported by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, awarded to Ning Zhang, the Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the Smithsonian, and grants from the National Science Foundation （DEB 0743474 to S.R. Manchester and J. Wen）, the Smithsonian Endowment Grant Program, and the Small Grant Program of the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution.

摘　　要：The leaf-opposed tendril, a characteristic organ in Vitaceae （grape family）, is likely a morphological key innovation for the family. It has been considered as the homologous organ of the inflorescence. Expression of floral related genes has been studied extensively in the model species, grapevine （Vitis vinifera）, to uncover molecular mechanisms that determine the development of a common uncommitted primordium （or an anlage） into an inflorescence or a tendril. However, to investigate the homology of tendrils and inflorescences in Vitaceae, evidence only from the highly derived grapevine is insufficient. Therefore, gene sequences of four key floral meristem genes, i.e., FUL, APt, FT and LEAFY orthologs were obtained from transcriptome data of 14 Vitaceae species, the grapevine genome and the outgroup Leea guineensis. Additionally, expression patterns of these four genes were studied in leaves, tendrils, and inflorescences of five phylogenetically distinct Vitaceae species. Expression of the APt ortholog was only detected in the tendril and the inflorescence but not in the leaf for all species, indicating that the tendril is more like the inflorescence than the leaf and that the tendrils from these six species including grapevine are likely homologous. Meanwhile, expression of the LEAFY ortholog was found in the inflorescence but not in the tendril and leaf, suggesting that the LEAFY ortholog expression might play a role in determining whether an anlage develops into a tendril or an inflorescence. Based on combined evidence from the expression patterns of these four genes, the possible mechanisms on the evolution of tendrils are discussed.The leaf-opposed tendril, a characteristic organ in Vitaceae （grape family）, is likely a morphological key innovation for the family. It has been considered as the homologous organ of the inflorescence. Expression of floral related genes has been studied extensively in the model species, grapevine （Vitis vinifera）, to uncover molecular mechanisms that determine the development of a common uncommitted primordium （or an anlage） into an inflorescence or a tendril. However, to investigate the homology of tendrils and inflorescences in Vitaceae, evidence only from the highly derived grapevine is insufficient. Therefore, gene sequences of four key floral meristem genes, i.e., FUL, APt, FT and LEAFY orthologs were obtained from transcriptome data of 14 Vitaceae species, the grapevine genome and the outgroup Leea guineensis. Additionally, expression patterns of these four genes were studied in leaves, tendrils, and inflorescences of five phylogenetically distinct Vitaceae species. Expression of the APt ortholog was only detected in the tendril and the inflorescence but not in the leaf for all species, indicating that the tendril is more like the inflorescence than the leaf and that the tendrils from these six species including grapevine are likely homologous. Meanwhile, expression of the LEAFY ortholog was found in the inflorescence but not in the tendril and leaf, suggesting that the LEAFY ortholog expression might play a role in determining whether an anlage develops into a tendril or an inflorescence. Based on combined evidence from the expression patterns of these four genes, the possible mechanisms on the evolution of tendrils are discussed.

关 键 词：AP1 euFUL FT LEAFY TENDRILS Vitaceae. 

分 类 号：S664.3[农业科学—果树学] S511.03[农业科学—园艺学]