天山射电实验探测极高能中微子和宇宙线  

Detection of ultra-high energy neutrinos and cosmic rays with Tianshan radio array

作　　者：张建立[1] 张毅[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2015年第11期156-162,共7页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:11135010;11105156);国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2013CB837000)资助项目

摘　　要：宇宙中微子正开启一个电磁波观测宇宙之外的全新窗口.然而,传统的中微子探测手段由于造价过高,导致探测器有效面积不足或观测时间有限等问题,不便于进行高能中微子(一般认为能量大于1015 eV为超高能,能量大于1018 eV为极高能)的观测.射电阵列,采用造价低、全天候观测的射电天线,可以建造大面积的观测阵列,达到极高能中微子天文学和极高能宇宙线探测所需的高灵敏度.在科技部国家重点基础研究发展计划项目"宇宙第一缕曙光探测"的资助下,原型阵列TREND(天山射电探测中微子探测器)在2011–2012年的运行过程中取得了重要的成果,仅依靠单极化接收天线阵列,首次证明了不依赖于传统粒子探测器的自触发射电探测方式可以对高能粒子大气簇射进行有效探测.我们计划建造一个巨型天线阵列GRAND,这将是世界上1017 eV以上最灵敏的高能中微子望远镜,可以对高能中微子进行有效的观测.The detection of cosmic neutrinos is opening a new window beyond the electromagnetic observable universe. However, the traditional technique for neutrino detection does not facilitate the observation of super high-energy neutrinos due to the limited effective area and duty cycle resulted from the high cost of the detectors. The radio technique is employed in the Sino-French TianShan mountain neutrino telescopes using the low-cost, all-duty cycle antenna, and this technique allows to build a large area array to achieve the desired sensitivity of super high energy neutrino astronomy. In the Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development ＂cosmic detection of the first rays of dawn＂ funding, a prototype array has been built and important results were achieved in the years 2011-2012. Relying only unipolar antenna array, it effectively detects the air shower first in the world without traditional particle detectors. We plan to build a giant antenna array, which would be the world＇s most sensitive super high-energy neutrino telescope.

关 键 词：高能中微子 射电探测 极高能宇宙线 

分 类 号：P161[天文地球—天文学]