梯级水库群联合航运关键问题研究Ⅰ:水陆耦合集散交通系统的概念和框架  

Research on the operation of cascade reservoirs combined navigation part Ⅰ: Concept and framework of distributed transport system coupled land and water

作　　者：钟德钰[1] 王永强 吴保生[1] 刘可晶[1] 王光谦[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2015年第10期1080-1088,共9页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(批准号:2012BAB05B01)资助项目

摘　　要：随着我国一批大型梯级水利枢纽的兴建与投运,形成大面积库区深水航道,为内河航运提供了良好的契机,也使得沿江沿河地区资源和能源的区位经济优势将更加明显,货物运输量急剧增加,亟需提升货物运输能力.梯级水库群联合航运这一非工程措施以其投资少、见效快成为首选.然而,梯级水利枢纽兴建的同时也截断了航道的连续性,降低了库区航道的通过能力、利用率及影响范围;同时,水库群防洪与发电调度一定程度也制约库区通航能力的提升,使得梯级水库群联合航运面临一系列挑战.围绕上述问题,提出以库区航运为核心驱动的水陆耦合集散交通系统概念,以水利枢纽作为货物集散的"中心点",以库区航道作为集散中心点间的主要"连接线",在库区航运驱动下带动陆路货运量增加并运输至周边经济区域形成"辐射面".在此基础上,进一步论述了此框架下所面临的关键科学问题以及解决方案.相关研究成果可为具有丰富矿产资源和航运潜力的梯级水库群联合航运的规划与实施提供有力的技术支撑.This paper systematically discusses the research ideas and technical framework of cascade reservoirs combined navigation operation. First, through the comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of cascade reservoir features and navigation channel, the potential of cascade reservoirs combined navigation operation and its key technical problems were pointed out clearly. In response to these difficult issues, a new research idea on the distributed system of water and land transportation was set as the core for solving framework. Then, we focus on the construction strategy of the transport system that was driven by the water and land transport, establish the optimization model cascade reservoirs combined shipping scheduling, and give its solution techniques combined with the model features. The above points form a reliable and systemic solution method for cascade reservoirs combined navigation operation, which can provide effective technical support for schedule planning and implementation of other cascade reservoirs combined navigation.

关 键 词：梯级水库群 联合航运 水陆耦合 集散交通系统 动态辐射 

分 类 号：U697[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV697.12[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]