北京城市化进程中地下水水化学特征识别  

Identification of Hydrochemistry Characteristic of Groundwater in the Typical Region During Urbanization

作　　者：贺国平[1] 郝晨东 慕星[1] 刘光东[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市水利规划设计研究院,北京100048 [2]延庆县水务局,北京102100

出　　处：《人民黄河》2015年第11期73-76,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：北京市科委重大计划资助项目(D07050601510000)

摘　　要：以北京市永定河冲洪积扇中部、紧邻老城区的两眼水源井为研究对象,采用1960-2008 年近50 a 的地下水水质资料,揭示了地下水的水化学演化特征：地下水先后受生活污水、工业废水、强阳离子交换作用的影响,水化学类型演化的-般序列为HCO3 - Mg·Ca→HCO3 ·Cl - Mg·Ca→HCO3 ·Cl·SO4 - Mg·Ca→ HCO3 ·Cl·SO4 - Ca·Na·Mg→HCO3 ·Cl - Ca·Na·Mg→HCO3 ·Cl - Na·Ca·Mg;地下水从天然状态到污染状态,HCO -3 相对含量降低,而Cl - 与SO2 -4 相对含量升高;后期受到强阳离子交换作用的影响,Na ＋ 相对含量升高,Ca2 ＋ 与Mg2 ＋ 相对含量降低;天然状态下,反映碳酸岩矿物溶解作用的Ca2 ＋ ＋ Mg2 ＋ 与HCO -3 的毫克当量比值为1. 1 ～1. 3,污染状态下该值超过2. 0.This paper analyzed the data of groundwater quality of two typical wells from 1960 to 2008, which is located in the middle part of the Yongding River alluvial fan and next to the old town of Beijing, and indicated the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater. The sequence of hydrogeochemistry evolution in the typical region is HCO3 -Mg·Ca→HCO3 ·Cl-Mg·Ca→ HCO3 ·Cl·SO4 -Mg·Ca→HCO3 ·Cl·SO4 -Ca·Na·Mg→HCO3 ·Cl-Ca·Na·Mg→HCO3 ·Cl-Na·Ca·Mg in general due to groundwater suffering from the influence of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and action exchange in turn. The relative content of HCO3 - in groundwater decreases, whereas one of Cl- and SO4 2- increases during groundwater contamination. In the later stage of groundwater evolutionary, the relative content of Na+ increases, and one of Ca2+ and Mg2+ decreases due to action exchange. The ratio of milliequivalent content between Ca2+ +Mg2+and HCO3 - in groundwater, which reflects the carbonate mineral dissolution process, ranges from 1. 1 to 1. 3 in natural groundwater, and over 2. 0 in contaminated groundwater.

关 键 词：水化学类型 地下水污染 离子交换 城市化 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]