上海市黄浦区流行性感冒家庭内传播的影响因素  

Influencing factors of household transmission of influenza in Huangpu district of Shanghai

作　　者：毛宇明[1] 沈福杰[1] 张焕珠[1] 陆璐[1] 宿飞[1] 王怡珺[1] 宋黎黎[1] 褚维[1] 阮园[1] 娄轶群 郦佳莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心,200023

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第20期2799-2801,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过分析家庭内流行性感冒（流感）传播的影响因素,提出科学的防控措施。方法采用病例对照的研究方法。选取上海市黄浦区2014年4月—2015年2月的流感确诊病例,发病后14 d随访,根据家庭内有无续发病例分为病例组与对照组,病例组与对照组的选取比例为1∶2,共选取病例组家庭53户,对照组家庭106户。进行问卷调查之后,进行单因素分析和多因素分析（logistic回归模型）。结果多因素logistic回归模型显示,开窗通风时长（OR=0.811,95%CI=0.717~0.917）是家庭内流感续发的保护因素,病例从不使用口罩较经常使用口罩（OR=9.128,95%CI=2.966~28.095）是家庭内流感续发的危险因素。结论家庭内开窗通风与病例口罩佩戴情况是家庭内流感续发的影响因素。家庭内如有流感病例,应加强开窗通风,流感病例尽量佩戴口罩,减少流感在家庭内传播风险。[Objective]To analyze the influencing factors of household transmission of influenza,provide the scientific prevention and control measures. [Methods]Case-control study was used in this research. Influenza cases occurred during April,2014 to February,2015 in Huangpu district of Shanghai were selected and followed up after onset 14 days. The families which had secondary cases were defined as case group. The families which did not have secondary cases were defined as the control group.The ratio of case group and control group was 1 ∶2. The case group family was 53 and the control group family was 106. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression were adopted to research the influencing factors. [Results]Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ventilation time（OR =0.811,95% CI =0.717-0.917） was the protective factor and the influenza cases didn＇t use the face masks（OR =9.128,95% CI =2.966-28.095） was the risk factor of flu secondary attack in family.[Conclusion]The ventilation time and cases wearing face masks are the influencing factors of flu secondary attack in family. If we have influenza cases in family,we should strengthen ventilated and the patients try to wear face masks to reduce the risk of influenza spread within the family.

关 键 词：流感 家庭内传播 病例对照研究 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]