全球研究堆的主要用途及发展趋势研究  

Applications and Developing Trends of Global Research Reactors

作　　者：王昆鹏[1] 张春明[1] 攸国顺[1] 韩向臻[1] 郑继业[1] 周克峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2015年第3期413-418,共6页Nuclear Science and Engineering

基　　金：大型先进压水堆及高温气冷堆核电站国家科技重大专项"CAP1400安全审评技术及独立验证试验"(2011ZX06002-010)和"CAP1400安全审评关键技术研究"(2013ZX06002001)

摘　　要：研究堆是一个复杂的核设施,它可以应用到核物理和粒子物理学、放射化学、活化分析、材料科学、核能和核医学等基础和应用研究领域。研究堆还是生产高科技产品的有力工具,例如放射性同位素、微电子学中辐射改性材料、空间技术和其他先进技术领域。研究堆还可以用来测试核反应堆的燃料以及进行辐射电阻等新材料的研究。基于强中子源、伽马、中微子和其他类型的辐照应用方面,研究堆发挥着不可替代的作用。另外,很多研究堆都建在大学或专门的研究机构,因此研究堆在培养核工程和核技术学生以及电站操作人员方面也发挥着作用。Research reactors are sophisticated devices for basic and applied research in the fields of particle and nuclear physics, radiochemistry, activation analysis, materials sciences, nuclear power and nuclear medicine. They are also served as powerful instruments for the production of high technology commodities, such as a wide variety of radioactive isotopes, as well as radiation modified materials important for microelectronics, space programmers and other technologically advanced areas. These reactors also enable the testing of various types of nuclear fuel and the study of radiation resistance of new materials. As a source of high intensity fluxes of neutrons, gamma quanta, neutrinos and other types of radiation, research reactors play an irreplaceable role in science, industry and medicine. Since many are based at universities and dedicated research institutions, research reactors have also established a considerablelegacy in the education and training of science and engineering students and nuclear power plant staff.

关 键 词：研究堆 用途 世界各国 全球 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用]