单根锚杆不同工作载荷下支护应力场特征相似模拟研究  

Analogue Simulation of Supporting Stress Field Characteristic of Single Anchored Bolt under Different Working Loads

作　　者：林健[1,2,3] 王洋[1,2,3] 杨景贺[1,2,3] 王正胜[1,2,3] 蔡嘉芳[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采设计研究分院,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室(煤炭科学研究总院),北京100013

出　　处：《煤矿开采》2015年第5期87-92,22,共7页Coal Mining Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1261211);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAK04B06);中国煤炭科工集团科技创新基金项目(2013MS010)

摘　　要：采用实验室相似模拟测试和分析了单根锚杆在不同工作载荷条件下围岩横向和纵向应力场分布特征。测试结果表明:锚固体轴向应力场由压应力核心区和扩散区构成,核心区位于锚固体近锚杆区域,由3个压应力集中区组成,整体呈"酒精灯"状分布。随着锚杆工作载荷的加大,轴向应力场在垂直轴向方向上无论应力值还是分布范围均明显增大,在锚杆轴线方向虽然应力值明显增大,但应力分布范围基本无明显变化。锚固体横向应力场沿锚杆轴向在锚杆周围形成前后2个比较明显的压应力集中区,浅部应力集中区在锚杆托板下方呈倒扣的碗状,锚固段附近压应力集中区呈对扣碗状。锚固体横向应力场整体应力值较小,约为轴向应力场应力值的1/4左右。随着锚杆工作载荷的加大,锚固体内横向应力集中区范围不断扩大,应力值不断提高,但位置和形态基本保持不变。Applying analogue simulation, surrounding rock lateral and vertical stress field distribution characteristic of single anchored bolt was test under different working loads. Results showed that axial stress field was composed of compression stress core zone and diffusion zone. Core zone was located in anchored body which was near anchored bolt, included 3 compression stress zones and took on“alcohol burner” shape distribution. With working load increased, stress value and distribution range of axial stress field along vertical direction obviously rose, but along axial direction, stress distribution range kept basically invariable although stress value increased largely. Lateral stress field formed 2 compression stress zones along axial direction： shallow stress concentration zone took on inverted bowl shape under plate, and the other stress concentration zone took on erect bowl shape near anchorage section. Whole stress value of lateral stress field was small, only 1/4 of axial stress. With working load increasing, lateral stress concentration zones’ range expand-ed and stress value rose continuously, but their location and shape varied slightly.

关 键 词：单根锚杆 工作载荷 支护应力场 相似模拟 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]