明朝颁赐藏僧象牙图章研究  

Research on the Ivory Seals Granted to Tibetan Monks in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：李帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期91-99,共9页Journal of Tibet University

基　　金：2011年度国家社会科学基金重大招标项目"文物考古中西藏与中原关系资料整理与研究"阶段性成果;项目号:11&ZD121

摘　　要：文章结合文物及文献材料对明代颁赐藏僧象牙图章的特点、性质、渊源、使用的等级规范与功用等情况进行了探讨,认为这类印章是明朝官方颁给以喇嘛为主的低级藏僧的印信,在印文及款识方面具有官印和私印的双重特点,是明代新出现的印章类型。明代象牙图章的出现虽有历史渊源,但自成体系,与明朝赐封藏僧封号的规则及一类规谏、褒扬印有更直接的关系,并在现实中有实际功用。对象牙图章的研究能补明代印制之阙,还可窥探明朝治藏的政策与特点,意义重大。On the basis of a research of related cultural relics and literature materials, this article explores the ivory seals granted to Tibetan monks by the central government of the Ming Dynasty from the aspects of the seals ＇ characteristics, nature, origin, grades, functions, etc. The seals were mainly officially awarded to the ordinary monks in the Ming dynasty. They had the characteristics of both private and official seals in terms of the inscrip- tions on them and their design. They firstly emerged in the Ming Dynasty and a system of granting ivory seals were built then. Granting ivory seals was directly related with the rules of conferring titles to Tibetan monks in the Ming dynasty, and it had practical function in reality. Thus, the study of the ivory seals is of great signifi- cance. It not only can help us understand the seals system of the Ming dynasty, but also the Ming＇ s policies in Ti- bet.

关 键 词：象牙图章 “图书” 藏僧等级 用印制度 明代治藏策略 

分 类 号：G264[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]