畸形波形成的海浪要素特征数值分析  

A numerical analysis of wave characteristic in the freak wave formation

作　　者：余军浩 余向军[2] 郭立印 李庆红[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市2433信箱,北京100081 [2]海军大连舰艇学院军事海洋系,辽宁大连116018 [3]93052部队,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《海洋预报》2015年第5期1-7,共7页Marine Forecasts

基　　金：海军大连舰艇学院科研发展基金资助项目“灾害性海浪-畸形波发生的波浪参数特征研究”

摘　　要：从典型的畸形波事件"新年波"出发,以ECMWF中期再分析风场作为驱动风场,采用WAVEWATCHⅢ海浪数值预报模式模拟畸形波发生海域的海浪场。通过对模拟的海浪要素分析表明,畸形波发生点在发生时刻的风速、波高、波陡处于极大值,波浪周期较长,谱峰频率、方向展角处于极小值;畸形波发生点在发生时刻的海浪谱是单峰谱,谱型尖窄,大部分波浪能量都集中在很小的频率范围内,分布在一个小的范围内,传播方向比较集中。To describe the connection between freak wave and wave essential factor, WAVEWATCH Ⅲ model was used to simulate＂New Year Wave＂in the North Sea to explore freak wave, using the re-analysis wind field from ECMWF as driving field. The formation of freak wave was successfully simulated in the random wave. By analyzing the wave height, wave steepness, the directional spreading, peak frequency, wave period in the place of freak wave occurring, the relationship between the freak wave and the statistics factors of waves was discussed.By analyzing wave spectrum, the energy distribution of the freak wave was got. When freak waves occurs with poor conditions, wave steepness is relatively large, the directional spreading is small, narrow sharp spectral type,and spectral kurtos is larger. Large wave steepness and the small directional spreading are the necessary condition of the freak wave.

关 键 词：畸形波 海浪要素 WAVEWATCHⅢ模式 数值分析 

分 类 号：P731.22[天文地球—海洋科学]