“进化理性”是对个人主义方法论的有效修补吗?  

Is “Evolutionary Rationality”an Effective Way to Repair the Methodological Individualism

作　　者：王生升[1] 李帮喜 

机构地区：[1]清华大学社科学院经济所

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2015年第6期77-92,共16页China Review of Political Economy

摘　　要："经济人"假说是主流经济学体系逻辑演绎的起点,有关该假说的争议主要集中于"完全理性"的现实性方面。与完全理性相比,哈耶克提出的"进化理性"更具现实性。然而哈耶克的修正不是基于假设现实性的考虑,而是服务于理论的间接证伪这一方法论功能。从进化理性出发构造的自由市场经济理论,能够在形式上应对不完全竞争、计划经济等反常性事实的冲击。但就理论的解释力和预测力而言,哈耶克的修正实际上属于研究纲领的退步性调整,其理论因此呈现出明显的静态性和辩护性,而这在根本上又源于个人主义方法论原则的局限性。The hypothesis of ＂Homo economicus＂ is the starting point of the logical deduction in the mainstream economics. The debate of the hypothesis is mainly focused on the reality of ＂complete rationality＂. While Hayek proposed ＂evolutionary rationality＂, which is more realistic than the former, In fact, this correction has nothing to do with the reality of hypothesis, but with the indirect falsification of the theory. With the new hypothesis, Hayek put forward a different explanation of the free market economy, which can cope with some falsifications of facts, such as imperfect competition and central-planned economy. However, this adjustment of research programme is degener- ative, since the power of explanation and prediction of his theory has been decreased. With the limitation of the methodological individualism, Hayek＇s adjustment has degen- erated into a static and defensive ideology.

关 键 词：完全理性 进化理性 个人主义 证伪 研究纲领 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学]