上海市上市企业总部的区位分布与影响机制  

The spatial pattern of the headquarters of listed enterprises in Shanghai

作　　者：王俊松[1] 潘峰华[2] 郭洁[3] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,创新战略研究中心,上海200062 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,城市与区域规划研究所,北京100875 [3]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《地理研究》2015年第10期1920-1932,共13页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家青年科学基金资助项目(41201107,41301117);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2012LYB36)

摘　　要：大企业总部在城市内部的分布既受城市发展的影响,又是重塑城市空间格局的重要力量。基于历年上海市上市公司数据,探讨上海市的上市公司总部区位分布特征及影响因素。上市企业总部在上海呈显著的中心型分布,多数总部集聚在中心区,且总部密度随到城市中心距离的增加而迅速降低。企业总部分布还呈现强烈的接近交通干道和开发区集聚的倾向。计量模型结果表明,企业所有制条件、上市时间、企业规模、行业类型显著影响上市企业总部的区位分布,通常国有企业、规模较大的企业和上市时间较早的企业更倾向于布局在中心城区区位条件更加优越的地区,形成总部分布的二元结构。市场化改革和规划下不同类型企业的主从秩序可以解释这种企业总部分布的核心边缘二元结构。The spatial pattern of headquarters of large enterprises in a city is influenced by urban development and is also the driving force of the restructuring of urban form. The paper explores the distribution and influence mechanism of the headquarters of listed enterprises based on the detailed information of publicly listed enterprises and the location of their headquarters. The results show that,（1） Headquarters of listed enterprises in Shanghai displays an obvious polycentric pattern. Most headquarters are agglomerated in central urban districts.There are several clusters of headquarters, including Lujiazui and Caohejing development districts in central area and development zones in the suburbs. The scales of the headquarters clusters show a decreasing trend from the center to the periphery area.（2） The density of headquarters declines sharply with the growing distance from the city center.（3） The listed enterprise headquarters also tend to be located near the major traffic roads. More than 77% of the headquarters are located within 500 meters away from the major traffic lines.（4） The result of econometric model indicates that enterprise ownership, the year of the listing, scale and industry type of enterprises significantly affect the location of the headquarters of the large firms. The state-owned, larger and older enterprises are more inclined to locate their headquarters near the central area of the city, while the private-owned, smaller and newly listed firms generally locate their headquarters in the suburban area, resulting the dual structure of the spatial pattern of headquarters.（5） We argue that market oriented reform, government planning and political pecking order of firms of different ownership can explain such dual structure of the spatial pattern of the headquarters in Shanghai. Agglomeration economies and location advantages induce headquarters to be agglomerated in central districts. Urban planning is the driving force for many headquarters being located in development zones of

关 键 词：总部 区位 上市公司 集聚 上海 

分 类 号：TU984.13[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]