非均匀海洋环境噪声中的匹配场处理舰船辐射噪声级估计方法  

A method of ship-radiated noise measurement based on matched field processing in an inhomogeneous ambient noise environment

作　　者：向龙凤[1] 孙超[1] 李明杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航海学院,西安710072

出　　处：《声学学报》2015年第6期779-788,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：武器装备预研基金(9140A10050710HK03)资助

摘　　要：在实际舰船辐射噪声测量过程中,受非均匀海洋环境噪声的影响,导致常规测量方法的性能急剧下降,基于此,提出了一种非均匀海洋环境噪声背景中的垂直阵舰船辐射噪声测量方法。根据水声信道传播理论,建立了由海面多个空时独立均匀分布噪声源构成的非均匀背景噪声场模型,推导了非均匀海洋环境噪声场中垂直阵舰船辐射噪声估计的理论公式。针对典型的浅海水声信道,进行计算机仿真实验,分析了该方法的测量性能并与常规匹配场测量方法进行对比,结果表明:(1)该方法能有效克服非均匀海洋环境噪声对测量结果的影响,测量误差较小;(2)相同测量条件下,该方法测量性能优于常规匹配场舰船辐射噪声级测量方法;(3)当信噪比满足一定要求时,测量得到的声源级与实际声源级相比,误差小于1 dB。A method of ship-radiated noise measurement via vertical linear array （VLA） is proposed to decrease the measurement error caused by the propagation of the radiated noise in the complex underwater acoustic channel and inhomogeneous ambient noise. The model of the inhomogeneous ambient noise field generated by the surface noise sources is established, and the theoretical model of the ship-radiated noise measurement in the inhomogeneous ambient noise is derived according to the transmission theory of the underwater acoustic channel. Numerical simulations in typical shallow water environment demonstrate the measurement performance of the proposed method, and the advantage has been verified by comparing to the conventional matched field processing （C-MFP） measurement method. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can measure the radiated noise source level in the inhomogeneous ambient noise accurately; the measurement error is less than 1 dB, and better performance than the C-MFP.

关 键 词：非均匀海洋环境 舰船辐射噪声 海洋环境噪声 匹配场处理 噪声级 估计方法 计算机仿真实验 测量方法 

分 类 号：P733.22[天文地球—物理海洋学]