1960-2008年淮河流域面雨量时空变化及径流响应  

Temporal and spatial distributions of area rainfall and the relationship with observed runoff in the Huaihe River Basin from 1960 to 2008

作　　者：张晓红[1] 陈兴[1] 罗连升[2] 靳莉莉[1] 王皓[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮河流域气象中心,合肥230031 [2]安徽省气候中心,合肥230031

出　　处：《资源科学》2015年第10期2051-2058,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006037);淮河流域气象开放研究基金(HRM201206);淮河流域气象开放研究基金(HRM200708)

摘　　要：利用淮河流域1960-2008年141个气象站的日降水资料,以及王家坝和吴家渡水文站的日实测流量资料,分析研究时段内淮河流域面雨量时空变化特征及水文站实测径流量的响应,初步探讨实测径流量与降水的相关关系。结果表明,1960-2008年淮河流域面雨量呈增加趋势,但增加趋势不显著。淮河流域面雨量年内分配极不均匀,有显著的季节变化,且年际变幅大,区域差异明显。与面雨量相对应,淮河中上游主要水文站实测径流量存在明显年际震荡,这种年际差异在淮河中游更为显著,水资源更加不稳定。近50年来淮河中上游径流量变化趋势和其汇水区域面雨量变化趋势基本一致,两者呈显著的正相关,降水是影响该区域实测径流的一个重要因素,人类活动对实测径流的影响不明显。On the basis of rainfall data from 141 observational stations in the Huaihe River Basin and diurnal observed runoff data from Wangjiaba and Wujiadu hydrometric stations from 1960 to2008,we analyze area rainfall climatic characteristics and variation in observed runoff in the Huaihe River Basin. The relationship between area rainfall and observed runoff are tentatively probed. The statistical results show that from 1960 to 2008 there is a slight increasing tendency of yearly area rainfall in the Huaihe River Basin,but the increasing tendency was not significant. The annual distribution of area rainfall was distinctly heterogeneous,and seasonal transitioning was significant. Quarterly runoff in the region showed an increasing trend,and a decreasing trend in spring and autumn. The winter increasing trend and the autumn decreasing trend are significant.Further,obvious spatial differences exist. Corresponding to area rainfall,annual variation in observed runoff was also significant. Inter-annual variation in the middle reaches which water resources was more unstable and greater than that of the upper reaches. Variation trends in observed runoff corresponded with area rainfall for the catchment basin. There was a simultaneous positive correlation between area rainfall upstream and observed runoff of hydrometric stations in the upper and middle Huaihe River Basin. Precipitation was one of the important factors governing variation in observed river runoff. The unstable precipitation resources caused instability in water resources over the Huaihe River Basin. Human activities did not obviously affect observed runoff in our 50 years of analysis.

关 键 词：淮河流域 面雨量 时空变化 变化趋势 实测径流 降雨-径流关系 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]