某大型教学医院连续4年不同季节医院感染发病率调查  

Incidence of healthcare-associated infection in a large teaching hospital occurred at different seasons in 4 consecutive years

作　　者：王婷[1] 张波[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学西南医院,重庆400038

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2015年第10期691-693,共3页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

基　　金：重庆市西南医院2013年院级科研课题(SWH2013LC08)

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染发病与季节变迁的关系,为季节性医院感染防控提供依据。方法对2010—2013年某院住院患者医院感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果共监测住院患者303 371例,发生医院感染10 376例,医院感染发病率为3.42%;感染例次12 919次,例次感染发病率4.26%。医院感染发病率第4季度(3.76%)最高,第2季度(3.20%)最低(P<0.01);医院感染部位以下呼吸道(39.79%)为主,其次为上呼吸道(13.17%)、血液(10.39%)、手术部位(8.60%)、泌尿道(7.91%)。医院感染发病率>5%的科室由高至低分别是中心重症监护病房(ICU,24.61%)、血液科(17.47%)、康复科(13.16%)、神经外科(9.27%)、感染病科(9.17%)、胸心外科(7.67%)、肝胆外科(5.13%),其中中心ICU、神经外科医院感染高发部位均是下呼吸道、血液以及泌尿道。结论医院感染部位与季节变化关系密切,应根据医院感染季节变化及科室高发部位特点,针对性制定相应防控措施,减少医院感染的发生。Objective To investigate the relationship between occurrence of healthcare-associated infection（HAI）and seasonal change,so as to provide the basis for seasonal HAI prevention and control.Methods The occurrence of HAI among inpatients in a hospital between2010 and 2013 was analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 303 371 patients,10 376 developed 12 919 cases of HAI,the incidence of HAI was 3.42%,infection case incidence was 4.26%.The highest incidence of HAI occurred in the fourth quarter（3.76%）and lowest in the second quarter（3.20%）（P〈 0.01）;the main HAI site was lower respiratory tract（39.79%）,followed by upper respiratory tract（13.17%）,blood stream（10.39%）,surgical site（8.60%）,and urinary tract（7.91%）.Patients in the following departments were with HAI rates of〉5%：intensive care unit（ICU,24.61%）,hematology（17.47%）,rehabilitation（13.16%）,neurosurgery（9.27%）,infectious diseases（9.17%）,cardiothoracic surgery（7.67%）,and hepatobiliary surgery（5.13%）,the main HAI sites in patients in ICU,department of neurosurgery were lower respiratory tract,blood stream,and urinary tract.Conclusion The occurrence of HAI is closely related with seasonal change,appropriate control measures should be taken according to seasonal change and sites of high HAI rates,so as to reduce the occurrence of HAI.

关 键 词：医院感染 感染部位 季节 发病率 监测 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]