竹原纤维和竹粉纤维形态和化学成分分析  

Analysis on Fiber Morphology and Chemical Composition of Bamboo Powders and Bamboo Original Fibers

作　　者：温晓芸[1] 郑蓉[1] 郑维鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院,福州350012

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2015年第5期12-15,20,共5页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：福建省属公益类科研院所科研专项(2010R1013-3);福建省林业厅科研项目(闽林科[2013]6号);国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室;福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室项目

摘　　要：以3年生毛竹材为原料,研究了毛竹竹粉和竹原纤维的纤维形态和化学成分。纤维形态分析结果表明:竹原纤维的宽度(143μm)与竹粉(136μm)相当,长度(22.63 mm)远高于竹粉(0.61 mm),使其长宽比(158.25)远高于竹粉(4.49)。化学成分分析表明:竹原纤维的纤维素含量(65.6%)比竹粉(37.3%)高得多,聚戊糖含量(17.1%)略低于竹粉(20.1%)。竹粉中的木质素含量为24.5%,是竹原纤维中木质素含量(11.5%)的2倍多。竹原纤维的高纤维素含量和低木质素含量是其广泛应用于制浆造纸行业的重要原因。The chemical composition and fiber morphology of bamboo powders and bamboo original fibers were studied with 3-year-old Phyllostachys pubescens as the materials. The results of fiber morphology analysis showed that the width of bamboo original fibers （ 143 μm） was almost the same with that of bamboo powders （ 136 μm） while the length of bamboo original fibers （22. 63 mm） was significantly longer than that of bamboo powders （0. 61 mm）, which made the length-width ratio of bamboo original fibers （ 158.25 ） much higher than that of bamboo powers （4. 49 ） . The chemical composition analysis showed that the cellulose content in bamboo original fibers （65.6%） was much higher than that in bamboo powders （37.3%）, while the pentosan content in bamboo original fibers （17. 1% ） was slightly lower than that in bamboo powders （20. 1% ） . And the lignin content in bamboo powders was 24. 5% , twice of lignin content in bamboo original fibers. The bamboo original fibers was widely used in the pulp and paper industry because of its high cellulose content and low lignin content.

关 键 词：毛竹 竹原纤维 竹粉 纤维形态 化学成分 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]