人类骨骼衰老及其相关疾病  

Human skeleton aging and its related diseases

作　　者：李星慧[1,2] 张毓洪[1] 杜建财[1,2] 郭忠琴[1] 张翻弟 孙亮[2] 朱小泉[2] 原惠萍 杨帆[2] 秦娇琴[2] 贾春媛[1,2] 何本进[2] 韩晶[2] 杨泽[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,750004 [2]北京医院卫生部北京老年医学研究所,卫生部老年医学重点实验室,100730

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2015年第5期31-34,38,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81061120527;81370445;81472408;81400790);卫生部公益性研究基金(201302008);国家科技部十二五支撑计划(2012BAI10B01);北京市科技新星计划(Z121107002512058)

摘　　要：与年龄相关性脆性骨折是影响当今社会的重大公共卫生健康问题,在生长期骨量的获得和老年相关性骨丢失都是影响其脆性的风险因素。高分辨率外周定量(HRp QCT)的发展增加了对松质骨和皮质骨的微结构变化在整个生命体内改变的认识与评估。研究表明,使用HRp QCT可以看到青少年成长期在前臂远端骨折与骨皮质改变的瞬时增加有关,也包括骨皮质变薄和皮质孔隙度的增加。儿童前臂远端轻度骨折,在不严重的情况下,外伤也增加全身桡骨远端骨皮质和骨质量的亏损。此外,从青少年到成年的过度期骨量峰值也会随之下降。老年期男性在儿童期有前臂骨折史,老年后骨质疏松症骨折的风险就会增加,而老年期女性除外。从生物力学角度看随着年龄的增长,男性松质骨流失主要是由于骨小梁变薄,而在女性主要是骨小梁数量减少。然而,与年龄相关骨皮质流失和皮质孔隙度的增加似乎比以前认可的影响更大,皮质孔隙度可能会增加患者在脆性骨折的风险增大。Age-related fragility fractures are a major public health problem affecting today＇s society. Obtain and age-related bone loss of bone mass in the growing season are affecting their brittleness risks. High-resolution peripheral quantitative（ HRp QCT） increase the development of micro-structures on the spongy bone and cortical bone in the body throughout life changing. Studies have shown that teenagers use HRp QCT can see growing in the distal forearm fracture and transient increase in cortical bone changes related,including cortical thinning and increased cortical porosity. Children with mild distal forearm fracture,without severe cases,loss of body trauma increases the distal radius bone cortex and bone quality. In addition,the transition period from adolescence to adult peak bone mass will fall. Old age men in the history of childhood forearm fracture will increase risk in elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures excluding senile women. From the biomechanical point of view with ageing,male cancellous bone loss was mainly due to trabecular thinning,women is mainly to reduce the number of trabecular bone. However,with the increase in age-related loss of cortical bone and cortical porosity seems bigger impact than previously recognized,cortical porosity may increase the risk of brittle fracture in patients.

关 键 词：年龄相关性脆性骨折 骨质疏松症 衰老 

分 类 号：R683[医药卫生—骨科学]