恩施魔芋种植基地土壤重金属污染及健康风险评价  

Pollution Evaluation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil of Konjac Planting Base in Enshi

作　　者：翟琨[1] 向东山[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北民族学院化学与环境工程学院/生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第10期81-84,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21465010);生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(PKLHB1531;PKLHB1532);湖北省林学一级学科资助项目

摘　　要：为了解恩施魔芋产地土壤环境质量及潜在的健康风险,对土壤重金属元素铜(Cu)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)含量进行测定,并对土壤重金属污染及健康风险进行评价。结果表明:魔芋产地土壤重金属元素含量均达到国家土壤重金属环境质量二级标准,单因子污染指数均低于1.0,综合污染指数为0.4,土壤处于安全等级,适合发展魔芋无公害生产。其中,Cd的单因子污染指数最高(0.77),是潜在的首要污染物。在5种重金属中,Cu含量与Cr含量呈极显著正相关,Pb含量与Cd含量呈极显著正相关。几种重金属引起的成人和儿童的非致癌风险、致癌风险、总非致癌风险、总致癌风险均低于相应风险阈值,对人体健康不会造成明显危害,但Cr和As存在着潜在的健康风险威胁。儿童总非致癌风险和总致癌风险出现的概率分别是成人的1.5倍和3.5倍,且儿童的总致癌风险处于临界点,需要高度关注并及时进行土壤修复和治理。因此,为确保魔芋无公害生产能够顺利开展,需要及时监控土壤中Cd、Cr、As的进入途径和进入量,必要时采取土壤污染修复治理措施,以确保土壤环境质量和魔芋生产安全性。In order to evaluate the soil heavy mental pollution and health risk of konjac planting region in Enshi,the contents of copper （Cu）,chromium （Cr）,cadmium （Cd）,arsenic （As） and lead （Pb） content were monitored and analyzed. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in soil of konjac plantation region in Enshi reached national secondary standard,the single pollution indexes of five heavy mentals were all under 1.0, the comprehensive pollution index was 0.4, the soil was in safety level,and suitable for development of konjac pollutlon-flee production. The content of Cd was the highest among five heavy mentals, and the single pollution index of Cd was 0.77 ,which was the major pollutant. In five heavy metals,content of Cu had significant correlation with Cr content,Pb content had significant correlation with Cd content. For adults and children, non-cancer hazard, cancer hazard, total non-cancer hazard and total cancer hazard of several heavy metals were all lower than the corresponding risk threshold,and would not cause obvious harm to human health,but Cr and As had potential health risks. The total non-cancer hazard and total cancer hazard for children were 1.5 times and 3.5 times as much as for adults respectively, and the total cancer hazard for children reached the critical point, thus it was neccssary to pay attention to concentration of heavy metals, soil restoration and management. Therefore,in order to ensure organic production of konjac, monitoring the content of Cd, Cr, As in soil should be performed, and soil pollution restoration measures should be adopted.

关 键 词：魔芋 土壤 重金属 污染 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]