一种用于地基雷达数据成像处理的数字波束形成算法  

Digital Beam Forming Algorithm for Ground-based Radar Imaging Processing

作　　者：乞耀龙[1,2,3] 王彦平[1,3] 李湖生[1,3] 张兴凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083 [3]矿山采空区灾害防治国家安全监管总局安全生产重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《信号处理》2015年第10期1313-1317,共5页Journal of Signal Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(61401434);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(91024031);中央科研事业单位基本科研业务项目资助(2015JBKY07)

摘　　要：地基雷达是微波成像基于地面平台的应用,具有可重复观测、稳定、可控的特点,可应用于露天矿边坡形变、城区沉降、山体滑坡等领域的长期观测。然而,目前的地基雷达基本成像原理是通过机械运动形成合成孔径,采集时间较长,不适用于快速监测。基于多通道阵列天线的雷达通过阵列天线阵元之间的电子切换扫描实现阵列方向的聚焦,可以满足快速监测的需求。本文在地基雷达中引入阵列电子扫描的工作模式,大幅度提高数据获取效率,推导了在方位向采用数字波束形成方法聚焦的处理过程。具体的,首先建立了阵列扫描的地基雷达成像几何,继而推导了应用于地基雷达实测数据成像处理的数字波束形成算法,形成了阵列扫描地基雷达的数据处理流程,最后,通过边坡实测数据的成像处理,验证了本文成像方法及处理流程的有效性,并通过强散射体的成像指标,分析了成像性能。Ground-based radar means microwave imaging radar carried by ground-based platform,which can achieve stable,controllable and repeatable observations. For having the advantages above,it can be applied to long-term observations of slope deformation,urban subsidence,landslides and other areas. However,the basic imaging principle of current ground-based radar is synthetic aperture formed by mechanical movement,which takes a long data acquisition time and is not suitable for fast deformation monitoring. Multi-channel antenna array radar can achieve the focusing along azimuth via electronically switch among elements of antenna array,which is much faster than mechanical scanning and can meet the needs of rapid monitoring. This paper introduces the imaging mode based on antenna array into ground-based radar,which greatly improve the efficiency of data acquisition,meanwhile,the digital beam forming is used in the process of ground based radar data. Firstly,the ground-based radar imaging geometry based on antenna array is established. Then,the paper deduces the digital beam forming algorithm for the geometry and describes the procedure of ground based radar data. Finally,by processing the measured slope data,the paper verifies the imaging geometry and method,meanwhile,the imaging performance is analyzed via the imaging results of corner reflectors.

关 键 词：地基雷达 阵列天线 数字波束形成 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]