基于解决汽车加速异响的离合器减振特性的建模及优化  

Optimization of clutch vibration isolation performance based on trouble shooting for reducing abnormal noise during vehicle accelerating

作　　者：上官文斌[1] 郑若元 孙涛[1] 谢剑云 王善南 侯秋丰 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510640 [2]宁波宏协离合器有限公司,宁波315807

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第19期115-119,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11472107)资助项目

摘　　要：为解决汽车加速时驾驶室内的异响,建立了发动机-离合器-变速器-传动系统-整车的三自由度非线性力学模型。由于模型主要用于离合器减振特性的分析,将离合器输出轴以后的部件简化为一个等效转动惯量。在发动机输出扭矩的波动下,利用建立的模型,可以求出离合器输入、输出转速的波动,从而得到离合器的扭转振动衰减率。以离合器的振动衰减率最大为优化目标,优化了离合器的扭转刚度和摩擦阻尼,使其扭转振动衰减率得到了较大的增加。对优化前后的离合器进行装车试验,测试了发动机舱的噪声、车内的噪声和变速器支架的振动加速度。结果表明,该优化模型的建立和计算得到的优化结果,对改善变速器加速异响具有指导意义。In order to analyze the performance of torsional vibration reduction for a clutch based on trouble shooting for reducing abnormal noise during vehicle accelerating,an engine-clutch-gearbox-vehicle body nonlinear dynamic model with 3-DOF was established. The input and output rotating speeds of the clutch were calculated using the developed model if the torque fluctuation of the flywheel was assumed,so the attenuation rate for the clutch＇s torsional vibration could be estimated directly. An abnormal noise in the cabin of a passenger car was received during accelerating the car with a gearbox and the engine speed was in the range of 1700 r / min to 2500 r / min. To reduce the noise,an optimization model was presented by maximizing the attenuation rate of the clutch within the rotating speed of 1700 r / min to 2500 r / min and taking the torsional stiffness and damping of the clutch as design variables. After installing the optimized clutch in the car,the noise at the engine compartment and that at the cabin and the vibration at the bracket of transmission mount were measured and compared with those using the original clutch. The test demonstrated that the noise and vibration are reduced greatly with the optimized clutch. The proposed model and the calculated results provided a guide for improving vibration isolation performance of clutches.

关 键 词：加速异响 离合器 发动机舱噪声 变速器支架振动 

分 类 号：U463.211.1[机械工程—车辆工程]