基于“人口—土地—产业”视角的乡村转型发展研究——以山东省为例  

Analysis of Rural Transformation Development from the Viewpoint of“PopulationLand-Industry”: The Case of Shandong Province

作　　者：李婷婷[1,2] 龙花楼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,中国北京100049

出　　处：《经济地理》2015年第10期149-155,138,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171149);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAL01B05)

摘　　要：基于影响乡村发展的人口、土地、产业三个核心要素,进行了乡村转型发展的理论剖析和发展要素转型的互馈作用分析,梳理了山东省不同区域乡村发展要素转型互馈作用分异特征,并提出相应的优化调控模式。结论如下:1乡村转型发展是乡村内生发展的推动力与城市发展的外部拉动力共同作用的结果,我国以家庭联产承包责任制为先导的农村经济体制改革和以城乡户籍制度改革为核心的城乡一体化体制机制改革,共同推动乡村地区剩余劳动力、资金、土地等生产要素向非农产业转移,并以此为基础,助推乡村的人口转型、土地利用转型和产业发展转型;21990—2010年期间,山东省"人口—土地—产业"之间的互馈作用机制尚不完善,各要素转型之间存在不协调现象。土地利用转型与产业发展转型和人口转型之间的互馈作用均明显不足,这与研究期间我国的土地财政和房地产开发导向的土地利用转型路径有关。产业发展转型和人口转型之间已经建立起比较完善的互馈作用机制,且随着城镇化进程的推进,两者之间的互馈作用将逐步增强;3山东省乡村发展要素转型互馈作用存在区域差异,宜结合区域社会经济发展条件和主导功能定位,因地制宜地选择不同的转型路径和转型模式,从而实现区域发展的持续高效转型。In this paper, a combination of theoretical analysis and empirical method was adopted to analyze the rural transformation development of Shandong province. Based on the three major rural development elements, i.e.,population, land and industry, the theory and interaction mechanism of rural transformation development were probed.Then, the regional characteristics of interaction mechanism of rural transformation development in Shandong province were analyzed and the optimizing countermeasures for rural transformation development of different regions were suggested. The main conclusions were drawn as follows：（1） Rural transformation development is the result of the joint action of the pull force from urban development and the push force from rural interior development. Under the background of rural economic system reform and the urban-rural integrated institution and mechanism reform, the rural surplus labors, capital and land were transformed to non- agricultural industries. Based on this, population transfer, land use transition and industrial development have been pushed forward;（2） During 1990-2010, the interaction mechanisms of transformations among population, land and industry in Shandong province have not been performed perfectly and there were disharmonies among them. There was no significant interaction between land use transition and the other two kinds of transformations, due to the long- term land finance- oriented or estate- oriented land use transition path. A relatively perfect interaction between population transfer and industrial development has been established and will be gradually reinforced with the growing urbanization;（3） there was regional disparity of interaction mechanism between population transfer, land use transition and indust rial development in Shandong province. Combining with the regional socio- economic development conditions and dominant functions, the appropriate transformation paths and optimizing countermeasures should be selected for each region in order to achi

关 键 词：乡村转型发展 人口转型 土地利用转型 产业发展转型 互馈作用机制 优化调控对策 

分 类 号：F303.3[经济管理—产业经济]