一种硅藻土基多功能建筑板材  

A Kind of Multifunctional Building Board Based on Diatomite

作　　者：白涛[1] 宋岩[1] 佟钰[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院,沈阳110168 [2]沈阳建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2015年第10期2743-2747,2763,共6页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑重大项目(2011BAJ10B04)

摘　　要：本文的研究目的是制备多功能建筑室内板材,改善居室环境的舒适性和安全性.方法以硅藻土、消石灰和水为主要原料,通过模压成型、水热固化等工艺的有机结合,得到一种具有适宜力学强度的轻质建筑板材,测试、评价其微观结构与使用性能.结果表观密度为0.85 g·cm-3时,硅藻土基多功能板材的抗折强度可达1.62 MPa,即使在0.50 g·cm-3左右密度下的力学强度也可与石膏天花板相当,相应的导热系数可低至0.0671 W·m-1·K-1;进一步分析测试表明,该板材同时兼具显著的吸/放湿容量及甲醛吸附能力.结论以硅藻土为功能组分,采用适当生产工艺可得到轻质、高强、保温、调湿、吸附甲醛等功能一体化的新型建筑板材,满足建筑室内装饰装修需要。In order to meet the requirements of comfort and safety of indoor atmosphere,diatomite with abundant content of mesopores was employed to prepare a multifunctional building board by a combined process of molding compaction and hydrothermal solidification,in which calcium hydrate and water were also involved for the generation of hydrated calcium silicate in high crystallinity,e.g.,tobermorite.The building board with an apparent density of 0.85 g·cm^-3behaves a flexural strength of 1.62 MPa;although the strength is found to decrease evidently with the lowered density 0.50 g·cm^-3,the corresponding strength is still superior to the gypsum-based shelter board widely used,while the thermal conductivity is as low as 0.0671 W·m^-1·K^-1.In the meanwhile,the product also exhibits the high capacity of humidity adsorption/desorption and effective removal of formaldehyde,suggesting the diatomite-based building plate is suitable for the purpose of interior decoration.

关 键 词：硅藻土 保温 强度 调湿 甲醛 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]