两种圆柏属植物精油对蚊虫的熏蒸活性  

Fumigation Activity of Plant Essential Oils from Two Sabina against Mosquitoes

作　　者：刘敏[1] 何建国[2] 扶巧梅[1] 张俊天 徐颖[1] 彭映辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004 [2]国家家用杀虫用品质量监督检验中心,益阳413000

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第4期581-585,共5页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(12JJ2017);湖南省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(10A132)

摘　　要：用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取龙柏和铺地柏鲜枝叶精油,采用三角瓶法测定其对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊成蚊的熏蒸活性,利用气相色谱-质谱联用法分析两种精油的化学成分。结果表明在20.82、31.24μg/cm3和15.73、23.59μg/cm3熏蒸剂量下龙柏精油和铺地柏精油对白纹伊蚊、致倦库蚊的24 h熏蒸LC50值分别为19.44、29.08μg/cm3和16.77、21.68μg/cm3;龙柏精油和铺地柏精油对白纹伊蚊、致倦库蚊成蚊的KT50值为8.66、6.68 min和9.21、7.66 min。龙柏精油中鉴定出52种化合物,主要为α-葑酯(18.8%)、榄香醇(16.66%)、柠檬烯(12.26%)和β-月桂烯(6.75%)。铺地柏精油中鉴定出55种化合物,相对含量最高的是α-葑酯(12.49%),其次是榄香醇(10.46%)、t-木罗烯(9.05%)、桧烯(8.29%)。以上结果表明两种精油对两种成蚊均有较好的熏蒸活性,具有开发为环境友好型灭蚊剂的潜力。Essential oils were extracted from fresh branches and leaves ofSabina chinensis cv. Kaizuca （SC oil） and Sabina procumbens （SP oil） by steam distillation. The fumigating insecticidal activities of these essential oils against Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus at different dosages were measured by erlenmeyer flask method. And the chemical components of essential oils were analyzed and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrumetry. The LC50 values of SC oil against adults ofA. albopictus and C. quinquefasciatus at 24 h were 19.44 and 29.08 μg/cm^3, respectively, and those for SP oil were 16.77 and 21.68 μg/cm^3, respectively. The KT50 values of SC oil against adults of A. albopictus and C. quinquefasciatus at fumigating concentration of 20.82 and 31.24μg/cm^3, respectively, were 8.66 and 6.68 min, respectively, and for SP oil, the values were 9.21 and 7.66 min, respectively, at fumigating concentration of 15.73 and 23.59 μg/cm^3, respectively. Fifty-two compounds were identified in SC oil, including a-fenchyl acetate （18.80%）, elemol （16.66%）, limonene （12.26%） and β-myrcene （6.75%）. Fifty-five compounds were identified in SP oil, including a-fenchyl acetate （12.49%）, elemol （10.46%）, t-muurolol （9.05%） and sabinene （8.29%）. The results demonstrate that S. chinensis cv. Kaizuca oil and S. procumbens oil are of high fumigation activity against mosquitoes and have the potential to be developed as natural, environment-friendly mosquitocide.

关 键 词：龙柏 铺地柏 植物精油 白纹伊蚊 致倦库蚊 熏蒸活性 

分 类 号：S482-39[农业科学—农药学]