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机构地区:[1]天津体育学院国家体育总局竞技运动心理与生理调控实验室,天津300381
出 处:《天津体育学院学报》2015年第3期195-199,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport
基 金:国家科技支撑计划资助课题(项目编号:2012BAK21B03);天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划资助;天津市"131"创新型人才培养工程第三层次人选资助
摘 要:以"绿色锻炼"思想为基础,使用虚拟现实技术模拟户外自然环境,探讨不同锻炼情境中的中等强度自行车锻炼对大学生心境、主观用力感量表(RPE)和身体自尊的影响及其差异。30名大学生随机分配到单一运动组、运动音乐组、虚拟环境运动组,每组10名大学生,男女各5名,然后完成40 min的中等强度的踩踏功率自行车任务。运动前后分别评估心境状态和身体自尊,运动10 min后每隔5 min评估RPE。结果:(1)心境,组别的主效应显著,测量的主效应显著,组别和测量的交互作用不显著,运动结束后虚拟环境运动组心境的紧张、疲劳、慌乱水平显著低于运动组,精力水平显著高于运动组;(2)身体自尊,组别、测量的主效应均不显著,组别和测量的交互作用不显著,但运动后虚拟环境运动组大学生的身体自我价值显著高于运动组;(3)随着运动时间的增加,3组大学生的RPE均显著增加,但虚拟环境运动组大学生的RPE显著低于单一运动组,同一时间点虚拟环境运动组大学生的RPE显著低于单一运动组。结论:中等强度的运动对心理有改善作用,虚拟锻炼环境对心境有更好的调节效果,是一种良好的锻炼方式,同时研究结果进一步为绿色锻炼的心理效益提供了实证支持。The objective of this study was to compare the psychological effects of physical exercise in virtual outdoor environments compared with physical exercise indoors only based on green exercise notion. Thirty college students(15 male, 15 female)were randomly assigned to single exercise group, exercise and music group, virtual environments and exercise group averagely, each group included five male and five female students. All subjects finished a moderate intensity cycling task of 40 minutes. POMS and PSPP questionnaires were used to measure pre and post exercise, RPE was measured every 5 minutes after exercise 10 minutes later. Results showed:(1)POMS, the main effect of the group and measure are significant situation are not significant, the interaction of group and measure is not significant; compared with exercising indoors only, exercising in virtual environments was associated with lower level of tension,fatigue and confusion, and high level of vigor;(2)PSPP, the main effect of the group and measure, and the interaction of group and measure are all not significant;(3)RPE of three groups all increased with the increased of exercise time, but the RPE in virtual environments is significantly lower than single exercise in-doors. And especially the RPE at the same time point of virtual group is lower than single exercise indoors. To conclude, exercise has positive psychological effects on emotions, but exercise in virtual environments would be better. And the results provide further empirical support for the green exercise notion.
关 键 词:绿色锻炼 虚拟环境 身体锻炼 心境 身体自尊 RPE
分 类 号:G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]
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