解释学视角下竞技运动与竞技体育的本质解构  

Nature Deconstruction of Competitive Athletics and Competitive Sports from the Perspective of Hermeneutics

作　　者：金成平[1,2] 胡亦海[3] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学体育学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]北京体育大学研究生院,北京100084 [3]武汉体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2015年第3期244-248,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:07BTY029)

摘　　要：竞技运动处于一种内外联系和相互渗透的关系中,这种不断生成的状态和内在趋力,使得竞技运动与竞技体育在不同的语境中获得了不同的含义,这种二者之间的非对称性与多元的差异性正是竞技体育本质之争的症结所在。解释学的最大特点在于对事物的"理解",并认为创造开放、多元、宽容的解释空间,构建多维度的描述比单纯的定义更能接近事物的本质。基于这种思考,从解释学的角度论述我国竞技运动与竞技体育本质。研究认为:竞技运动的本质主要是自然属性的具体体现,其中自然性是其存在的价值、运动性是其外显的维度,竞技性是其发展的动力;以此确定自然性、运动性、竞技性作为竞技运动3个基本维度的新诠释。而竞技体育本质主要是以竞技运动作为存在载体,通过其自然属性实现竞技体育的社会属性;其中运动性是其存在的重要载体、社会性反映其发展的内在需求,组织性呈现其发展的各种形态;以此确定了运动性、社会性、组织性是理解竞技体育本质的3个基本维度。以上维度同时也解读了我国竞技运动与竞技体育的两者关系,从而能够在构成一种空间状态的整体上对相应的竞技体育事相进行理解。作为竞技过程具有自然属性的竞技运动和凸显意义生成社会属性的竞技体育虽然有着不同的基础和呈现形式,但须臾不可分离。The competitive athletics is still at the state of internal and external interaction, in which the inside power leads to different concepts of competi-tive athletics and competitive sports under different context. And these differences account for the arguments on the nature of competitive sports. The biggest feature of hermeneutics is its understanding of everything, believing that to construct multidimensional description can better discover the nature of things than to just give a definition. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the nature of competitive athletics and competitive sports from the perspective of hermeneutics. The authors believe that the nature of competitive athletics is its concrete representation of its natural property, which determines the three new dimensional explanations of competitive athletics： naturalness, motility and competitiveness. However, the nature of competitive sports is to achieve its social property by taking competitive athletic as its carrier; among the three dimensions, its motility feature decides its existence, sociability reflects the in-ternal demand of the development and the sense of organization demonstrates various types of its development. All of the above mentioned facts clearly prove that the three dimensional explanations of competitive sports： motility, sociability and sense of organization are the three fundamental dimensions to under-stand the nature of competitive sports. In addition, the above mentioned multidimensions illustrate the relationship between competitive athletics and com-petitive sports, making it possible to comprehensively understand the related competitive sports items from space dimension. To sum up, competitive athletics and competitive sports are different basically and demonstrate in different ways, but they can＇t be discussed and studied separately.

关 键 词：解释学视角下 竞技运动本质 竞技体育本质 解构 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]