平欧杂交榛树生物量构成及矿质元素累积特性研究  

Compositional ananalysis of biomass and accumulation properties of mineralalysis elements in hybrid hazelnut(Corylus heterophylla×C. avellana)

作　　者：于冬梅[1] 解明[1] 刘元[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省经济林研究所,辽宁大连116031

出　　处：《辽宁林业科技》2015年第5期5-9,53,共6页Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(201202103);辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金资助项目(2013002010)

摘　　要：为给平欧杂交榛合理施肥提供参考，2011-2013年，每年以2株平欧杂交榛达维树为试材，采用彻底刨根、分解取样方法，研究生物量的构成特点、各器官矿质元素含量及累积分配特性。结果表明：6～8年生平欧杂交榛树体生物量年均递增率达73．45％。其中新生营养器官干物质平均分配率为13．34％，多年生营养器官为75．57％，生殖器官为11．09％。N、P含量以果仁最高，其次是雄花序；K含量以果苞最高，其次是果仁或雄花序；Ca含量以叶片最高，其次是干和枝条；Mg含量以叶片最高，其次是果仁。7～8年生平欧杂交榛树N主要分配到果实、叶片和一级不定根，P主要分配到果实、一级不定根、叶片和果苞，K主要分配到果苞、果实和叶片，Ca主要分配到叶片、主枝和一级不定根，Mg主要分配到叶片、果实和一级不定根。每生产100kg鲜果，各元素吸收比例为N：P：K：Ca：Mg=7．8：1．05：3．6：7．7：1．0。建议生产上N、P2O5、K2O施肥比例为1．43：1．1：1．0。The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of accumulation and distribution of mineral elements in hybrid hazel- nut（ Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana）and to establish a reasonable fertilization protocol.From year of 2011 to 2013, yearly field exper- iments were conducted with 2 trees of hybrid hazelnut Dawei＇.The trees were decomposed into different parts and then sampled to analyze the character of biomass composition, mineral elements content and its accumulation.The result showed that the average an- nual increment rote of gee biomass of 6-8 years old hybrid hazelnut was 73.45%.The biomass distribution rote of yearly regenerative nutritive organs was 13.34%, that of the perennial nutritive organs was 75.57%, and that of the reproductive organs was 11.09%.The Nilrogen （ N ） or the phosphorus （P） content was the highest in the kernel and the higher in the Catkin.The potassium （ K ） content was the highest in the Leaf husk and the higher in the kernel or the Catkin.The calcium （Ca） content was the highest in the leaf and the higher in the trunk or all branches.The magnesium （Mg） content was highest in the leaf and the higher in the kernel.Nitrogen was mainly distributed in the fiuit, leaf and the original adventitious root.Phosphorus was mainly distributed in the fruit, the original adven- titious mot, leaf and leaf husk.Potassium was mainly distributed in the leaf husk, the fi＇uit and the leaf.Calcium was mainly dislributed in the leaf, the stem and the original adventitious root.Magnesium was mainly distributed in the leaf, the fruit and the original adventi- tious root.To obtain 100kg hazelnut flesh fin.fit, the elements absorption ratio was N： P： K： Ca： Mg= 7.8：1.05：3.6：7.7：1.0. So it was sug- gested that the ratio of N, P2O5 and IGO was 1.43：1.1：1.0.

关 键 词：平欧杂交榛 生物量 器官 矿质营养 累积特性 

分 类 号：Q945.12[生物学—植物学] S792.189[农业科学—林木遗传育种]