鱼腥草土壤养分与微生物特征分析  

Nutrients and microorganisms in soil of Houttuynia cordata

作　　者：马敬[1] 罗世琼[2] 杨占南[1] 邸胜娟 吴丹[1] 洪亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第19期55-62,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州师范大学研究生创新基金(研创201416);贵州师范大学博士科研项目;国家自然科学基金(81260641)

摘　　要：分析不同样地鱼腥草非根际和根际土壤的养分状况、微生物特性,以了解鱼腥草的土壤条件,提高栽培鱼腥草的品质。结果显示,不同样地鱼腥草非根际和根际土壤的养分、p H、酶活性、微生物生物量碳、氮,微生物磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)以及其群落特征存在差异;鱼腥草根际土壤p H显著低于非根际土壤,而有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶、脲酶、多酚氧化酶和蔗糖酶活性,微生物生物量碳、氮,微生物总PLFAs含量,微生物群落的多样性和均匀度指数显著高于非根际土壤。微生物总PFLAs含量与碱解氮、有效磷、有机质、脲酶、多酚氧化酶和蔗糖酶呈显著或极显著正相关;微生物生物量碳与有效磷和蔗糖酶呈显著极显著正相关;微生物生物量氮与有效磷、碱解氮、有机质和多酚氧化酶呈极显著正相关。结果表明,鱼腥草的广泛生长适应性,是鱼腥草的根系分泌物及其残体适合多种微生物生长繁殖,增强酶活性,促进土壤酶和微生物对有机质及氮、磷转化,提高土壤养分的有效性,改善根际土壤理化性质,有益鱼腥草适应不同的土壤条件。Nutrients, microorganisms in rhizosphere and no-rhizosphere soils of Houttuynia cordata were investigated to understand the characteristics of H. cordata soil and to improve the quality of cultivated H. cordata. The results showed that the rhizosphere and no-rhizosphere soils at different sample sites varied greatly in nutrients, pH, enzyme activity, microbial biomass C and N, phospholipid fatty acids （ PLFAs ） and population of microbes, pH in the soil of H. cordata rhizosphere was obviously lower than that in the non- rhizosphere soil, but contents of organic matter, alkalystic N, available P, readily available K, activities of catalase, phosphate, urease, polyphenol oxidease and sucrase, microbial C and N, contents of FLFAs, and indexes of diversity and homogeneity of microbial colonies were just the otherwise. Total FLFAs of microorganisms were significantly and positively related to alkalystic N, available P, organic matter, urease, polyphenol oxidease and sucrase, microbial biomass C was significantly and positively related to available P and suerase, respectively. And microbial biomass N was significantly and positively related to available P, alkalystic N, organic matter and polyphenol oxidease, respectively. There was some evidence that H. cordata was highly adaptable to a variety of habitats, that it was suitable for growth of various species ofmicroorganisms, increasing enzyme activities, promoting transformation of soil microorganisms and enzymes to organic matter, N and P in rhizosphere soil of H. cordata, and improving effectiveness of the soil nutrient and physical and chemical properties of soil, which was beneficial to the H. cordata adapting to different soil conditions.

关 键 词：鱼腥草 土壤 养分 微生物 磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs) 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]