住宅小区内电动汽车有序充电优化模式  

Coordinated Charging Optimization Mode of Electric Vehicles in the Residential Area

作　　者：刘星平[1] 李世军[1,2] 于浩明[2] 张磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工程学院电气信息学院,湘潭411101 [2]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2015年第20期238-245,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51377001);湖南省自然科学基金(10JJ9012)资助项目

摘　　要：规模化电动汽车无序充电会给电网的安全运行带来风险和负担。为此,提出两种电动汽车有序充电模式即自动开断充电模式和平滑调节充电模式,在现有住宅小区配电网的基础上,对应地建立以配电变压器、线路容量等为约束条件,以传输给电动汽车电能最大为目标的两种有序充电优化模型,并结合随机模拟和改进粒子群算法求解。以深圳某住宅小区内建立小区充电站为例,分别采用无序充电模式和两种有序充电模式对电动汽车进行充电模拟,比较三种模式下的电压分布和具有响应系数的有序充电模式,计算小区充电站盈利额和负荷波动性等指标,并提出节省成本概念,给予参与有序充电的用户费用补偿。仿真结果表明,两种有序充电模式均能提高电网和用户满意度。充电管理系统可根据需求自行选择其中一种模式运营。The uncoordinated charging of large-scale electric vehicles （EVs） will bring great risks and burdens for safe operation of the grid. Therefore, two kinds of EVs＇ coordinated charging modes are proposed, that is, the automatic on-off charging mode and the charging mode of the smooth adjustment. On the basis of the existing distribution network of the residential area, two kinds of coordinated charging optimization model were proposed to maximize transmitting electric energy correspondingly, using distribution transformer and line capacity as the constraints. The models were solved by stochastic simulation and improved particle swarm algorithm. Taken the charging station established at a residential district of Shenzhen as an example, the uncoordinated charging mode and two coordinated charging modes of EVs were used. The voltage distributions of the three modes and responding factors of two coordinated charging modes were compared. The amount of profit and the parameters such as load volatility at the residential charging station were also calculated. The concept of saving cost was proposed, to compensate the cost of users who took part in coordinated charging mode. Simulation results showed that both of the coordinated charging modes can improve the satisfaction from the grid and the users, and charging management system can choose either mode according to their own demands.

关 键 词：电动汽车 住宅小区 有序充电模式 充电功率 小区充电站 节省成本 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]