蓄水坑灌条件下苹果树叶水势及其影响因子的研究  

Leaf Water Potential and Its Influencing Factors of Apple Trees under Water Storage Pit Irrigation

作　　者：马艳荣[1] 马娟娟[1] 孙西欢[1] 郭向红[1] 王颖苗 张文锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2015年第10期1-4,9,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51109154;51249002)

摘　　要：通过对苹果树叶水势进行测定,研究了不同灌溉方式及灌水量条件下的叶水势日变化规律,分析了土壤含水量及气象因子对苹果树叶水势的影响。结果表明,不同灌溉方式及灌水量条件下的叶水势在不同月份的日变化趋势大致相同,均为先减小后增大(清晨与傍晚的叶水势较高,午间的最小)。蓄水坑灌条件下的叶水势明显高于地面灌溉,土壤水分相对匮乏时,非充分灌水条件下的叶水势较充分灌水的高。苹果树清晨叶水势与对应时期的土壤含水量整体上呈正相关关系。通过通径分析得知,在3个气象因子中,大气温度对苹果树叶水势日变化的影响最大,其次是大气相对湿度和太阳辐射。By measuring the leaf water potential of apple trees ,the diurnal changes of leaf water potential under different irrigation methods and irrigation amounts are studied ,the influences of soil moisture and meteorological factors on the leaf water potential of apple trees are analyzed .The results show that in different months ,the leaf water potential of different irrigation methods and irriga‐tion amounts have a similar diurnal variation trend ,which decreases firstly and then followed by increase（peaked in the morning and evening while bottom out at midday） .Leaf water potential is obviously higher under water storage pit irrigation than surface irriga‐tion .When the soil moisture is relatively scarce ,leaf water potential under insufficient irrigation is higher than that under sufficient irrigation .The early morning leaf water potential of apple trees is significantly correlated to the soil moisture in corresponding peri‐ods .Path analysis shows that among the three meteorological factors ,atmospheric temperature has a greatest influence on the diur‐nal variation of leaf water potential of apple trees ,followed by air relative humidity and solar radiation .

关 键 词：蓄水坑灌 叶水势 影响因子 苹果树 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]