爱因斯坦与广义相对论  

Albert Einstein and general relativity

作　　者：赵峥[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学物理系,北京100875

出　　处：《物理》2015年第10期646-656,共11页Physics

摘　　要：文章介绍了爱因斯坦建立相对论,特别是广义相对论的伟大贡献。爱因斯坦提出了光速不变原理、广义相对性原理、马赫原理和等效原理。他不仅首先指出万有引力本质上是时空弯曲的几何效应,而且首先给出了广义相对论的基本方程。文章还讨论了为什么爱因斯坦是狭义相对论和广义相对论的唯一创建者。This paper reviews relativity, especially general relativity Einstein＇ s great contribution in establishing the theory of Einstein proposed the principle of the constancy of the speed of light, the principle of general covariance, Mach＇ s principle, and the equivalence principle. He was the first person to point out that gravitation is essentially a geometrical effect of the curvature of space-time, and also to give the fundamental equation of general relativity. Why Einstein is recognized as the sole founder of both special relativity and general relativity is also discussed.

关 键 词：广义相对论 等效原理 广义相对性原理 马赫原理 弯曲时空 

分 类 号：O412.1[理学—理论物理]