急性心肌梗死电除颤成功患者体验及护理需求的质性研究  

A qualitative research on experience and nursing needs of acute myocardial infarction patients after successful defibrillation

作　　者：郭晓岚[1] 赵艾[2] 问芳芳[1] 刘媛媛[1] 郎红娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学唐都医院心内CCU,陕西西安710038 [2]第四军医大学唐都医院护理部,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2015年第21期35-38,共4页

摘　　要：目的探讨急性心肌梗死电除颤成功患者的真实体验,探寻其生理、心理、社会支持等状况,为实施针对性护理提供参考。方法采用质性研究的现象学研究方法,对18例急性心肌梗死电除颤成功患者进行半结构式深入访谈,并运用Colaizzi分析方法对资料进行整理分析。结果急性心肌梗死电除颤成功患者对电除颤场景无记忆,存在感恩、焦虑恐惧、反刍性沉思、创伤后成长等体验;通过分析和归纳,护理需求归纳为5个主题:期望得到家庭和社会的关怀与支持、期望得到更多的信息支持、护理安全的需求、希望护士具有丰富的专业技能、积极重返社会的需求。结论急性心肌梗死电除颤成功患者负性心理体验与积极心理体验并存,护士需敏锐捕捉识别患者的心理反应与需求,给予情感、心理、社会支持,缓解负性情绪,积极引导正性心理,帮助患者获得创伤后成长,促进其身心康复。Objective To explore the real-life experience of acute myocardial infarction patients after successful defibrillation and their physiology,psychology and social supports,so as to provide references for targeted nursing.Methods Eighteen acute myocardial infarction patients after successful defibrillation were given semi-structured indepth interviews.The data were analyzed using Colaizzi′s method.Results The patients had no memory for the rescue scene of defibrillation,but felt grateful,anxious and fearful,and experienced rumination and post-traumatic growth.After analysis,their nursing needs were summarized into 5aspects,including hoping for more care and support from family and society,expecting to get more information,requirements on nursing safety,expecting nurses with rich professional skills and return to society.Conclusion The acute myocardial infarction patients have positive and negative psychological experience after successful defibrillation.Nursing staff need to capture and identify their psychological reactions and needs,and give them emotional,psychological and social support,so as to alleviate their negative emotion,help them get post-traumatic growth and promote their physical and mental rehabilitation.

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 心室颤动 电除颤 患者体验 护理需求 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]