氧化法从水云母中提钾及其机理  

Extracting potassium from hydromica by oxidation method and its mechanism

作　　者：李紫谦 黄志良[1] 孟鹏[1] 危钰[1] 陈常连[1] 张占辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2015年第9期40-44,共5页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51374155);湖北省科技支撑计划(2014BCB034);湖北省科技支撑计划(2015BAA105);湖北省自然科学基金(2014CFB796)

摘　　要：为了解决我国大量的难溶性含钾矿物未能有效提钾利用的问题,采用氧化法从水云母中提取可溶性钾离子,确定了反应温度、反应时间和交换阳离子(钡离子)的最佳工艺条件.用X-射线衍射图谱和X-光电子能谱手段研究氧化过程机理及云母结构的细微变化.结果表明,在反应温度为45℃,反应时间为3 h,钡离子摩尔质量为0.035 mol时,提钾效果最好.提出了库伦效应提钾机理:水云母八面体空隙内的三价钒离子氧化为五价钒离子后,减弱四面体层对钾离子的库仑力束缚,选择交换阳离子进行交换,在不破坏水云母结构的前提下,可以达到提钾的目的.采用氧化法从水云母中提钾,提钾率可以达到35%左右.To solve the problem that large amount of insolubility potash resources are not utilized effectively in China,oxidation methods were used to extract soluble potassium ions from hydromica. The effects of the using quantity of cation-exchanger（barium ions）, reaction temperature and reaction time on the optimum reaction conditions were explored. The oxidation mechanism and the changes of chemical structure in hydromica were investigated by X-ray diffraction spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The result shows that the rate of extracting potassium is high when the mass ratio of barium ions is 0.035, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃ and the reaction time is 3 h. The coulomb effect was proposed to interpret the extraction mechanism： the oxidation of trivalent vanadium ions in octahedral site to tetravalent vanadium ions weakened the electrostatic force between potassium ion and tetrahedral sheet, then the exchange cations were introduced to extract potassium without damaging hydromica＇s structure. The extracting ratio of potassium from hydromica reaches 35% by using oxidation methods.

关 键 词：钾 水云母 氧化法 库伦效应 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]