Ni纳米线的化学还原法可控制备  

Controllable Preparation of the Nickel Nanowires Using the Chemical Reduction Method

作　　者：张家奇[1,2] 刘春萌[2] 刘圆[1,2] 赵重阳[1,2] 相文峰[1,2] 赵昆[1,2] 唐炼[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气光学探测技术北京市重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《微纳电子技术》2015年第11期741-746,共6页Micronanoelectronic Technology

基　　金：北京市自然基金资助项目(4142047);北京市青年英才计划资助项目(00001089);中国石油大学(北京)优秀青年教师研究资助项目(ZX20150108)

摘　　要：利用化学还原法制备了Ni纳米线,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了制备参数（磁场强度、Ni 2＋离子浓度和反应温度）对Ni纳米线合成以及结构的影响。实验结果表明：磁场强度是影响Ni纳米线直径均匀性的关键因素。无外加磁场时所制得的产物为Ni纳米颗粒;当磁场强度达到0.25 T时,纳米线的长度较长,直径较均匀。Ni 2＋离子浓度决定着纳米线直径的大小。Ni 2＋浓度越低,直径越小。反应温度影响成核以及纳米线的表面形貌。当温度低于50℃时,溶液中没有纳米线生成,说明溶液没有反应;当反应温度在60~80℃范围内时,纳米线的表面均有明显的刺状结构;当温度高于85℃时,纳米线表面的刺状结构数目明显减少,形成了光滑的表面。The nickel nanowires were prepared by the chemical reduction method,and the effects of the preparation parameters,such as the magnetic field strength,Ni 2＋ion concentration and reaction temperature on the synthesis and structure were investigated by the scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The experiment results show that the uniformity of the nickel nanowire diameter is mainly affected by the magnetic field strength.Only the nickel nanoparticles were formed in the solution without an external magnetic field,while longer and more uniform nanowires can be fabricated with the magnetic field strength of 0.25 T.The Ni 2＋ion concentration was the key factor affecting the diameter uniformity of nanowires.The diameter of nanowires decreased with the decrease of the Ni 2＋ion concentration.The nucleation and surface morphologies of nanowires were influenced by the reaction temperature.When the reaction temperature was lower than50℃,no nanowire was synthesized in the solution,indicating that no reaction occurred in the solution.When the reaction temperature ranged from60 ℃ to 80 ℃,the nickel nanowires were packed with spines all over the surface.While the number of spines distinctly decreased when the reaction temperature was higher than85℃,i.e.the nickel nanowire had a smooth surface.

关 键 词：NI纳米线 化学还原法 Ni2+离子浓度 磁场强度 表面形貌 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]